Papua New Guinea / Papua Niugini
Independent State of Papua New Guinea
Exploring the Untamed Beauty of Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea, a land of diverse cultures and breathtaking landscapes, is a destination that promises adventure and discovery. Nestled in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, this country is renowned for its rich cultural tapestry, with over 800 languages spoken and numerous indigenous tribes, each with its own unique traditions and customs. The vibrant cultural festivals, such as the Goroka Show and the Mount Hagen Cultural Show, offer a mesmerizing display of traditional dances, music, and colorful costumes. The country's history is equally fascinating, with influences from ancient tribal societies, European explorers, and colonial powers. The Kokoda Track, a significant World War II site, attracts history enthusiasts and trekkers alike, offering a challenging yet rewarding journey through dense jungles and rugged mountains. Papua New Guinea is also home to some of the world's most stunning natural wonders. The pristine beaches, coral reefs, and diverse marine life make it a paradise for divers and snorkelers. The Sepik River, one of the largest river systems in the world, is a haven for wildlife and offers a glimpse into the traditional riverine lifestyle. The people of Papua New Guinea are known for their warmth and hospitality, welcoming visitors with open arms. The country's national symbols, such as the Bird of Paradise and the Kumul, reflect its rich biodiversity and cultural heritage. Whether you're exploring the bustling capital of Port Moresby or venturing into the remote highlands, Papua New Guinea offers an unforgettable experience that captivates the heart and soul.
Safety
While Papua New Guinea is a beautiful country, travelers should exercise caution due to high crime rates in urban areas, particularly in Port Moresby. It is advisable to avoid walking alone at night and to be vigilant in crowded places. Some regions, especially the Highlands, may experience tribal conflicts, so it's important to stay informed about local conditions.
National symbols
Bird of Paradise, Kumul, National Flag, National Emblem
Capital city
Port Moresby / Pot Mosbi
Visas
Most visitors to Papua New Guinea require a visa, which can be obtained on arrival for certain nationalities or in advance from a Papua New Guinean embassy. Citizens of some countries, including Australia, New Zealand, and the United States, can obtain a visa on arrival for tourism purposes.
Customs regulations
Travelers are allowed to bring in personal items duty-free, but there are restrictions on the import of certain goods such as firearms, drugs, and pornography. Exporting cultural artifacts and wildlife without proper permits is prohibited.
Prices
Papua New Guinea can be an expensive destination, especially in terms of accommodation and transportation. However, local markets offer affordable options for food and souvenirs. Bargaining is common in markets, but prices in shops are usually fixed.
People and nationalities
Papua New Guinea is a melting pot of cultures, with a population that includes Melanesians, Papuans, and a small number of expatriates. Christianity is the predominant religion, but traditional beliefs are still practiced in many areas. The people are generally friendly and eager to share their culture with visitors.
Weather
Papua New Guinea has a tropical climate with high temperatures and humidity year-round. The wet season runs from December to March, while the dry season is from May to October, which is the best time to visit for outdoor activities and festivals.
Health
Travelers to Papua New Guinea should be up-to-date on routine vaccines and consider vaccinations for hepatitis A, hepatitis B, typhoid, and rabies. Malaria is prevalent, so taking antimalarial medication and using mosquito repellent is recommended.
Food
Mumu
A traditional dish cooked in an earth oven, consisting of pork, sweet potatoes, rice, and vegetables. It is a communal meal often prepared for special occasions.
Kaukau
A staple food made from sweet potatoes, often boiled or roasted. It is a common side dish in many meals.
Saksak
A dessert made from sago, bananas, and coconut milk, wrapped in banana leaves and steamed. It has a unique texture and sweet flavor.
Transport
Domestic Flights
The best way to travel between regions due to the country's rugged terrain. Airlines like Air Niugini and PNG Air offer regular flights.
Public Buses
Known as PMVs (Public Motor Vehicles), these are a common and affordable way to travel within cities and towns, though they can be crowded.
Car Rental
Available in major cities, but driving can be challenging due to road conditions and local driving habits. Hiring a local driver is recommended.
Regions
Bougainville
Autonomous Region
Central
Province
Chimbu
Province
East New Britain
Province
East Sepik
Province
Eastern Highlands
Province
Enga
Province
Gulf
Province
Hela
Province
Jiwaka
Province
Madang
Province
Manus
Province
Milne Bay
Province
Morobe
Province
National Capital District (Port Moresby)
District
New Ireland
Province
Northern
Province
Southern Highlands
Province
West New Britain
Province
West Sepik
Province
Western
Province
Western Highlands
Province
What to visit?
History
The first human inhabitants are believed to have arrived in Papua New Guinea around 50,000 years ago, migrating from Southeast Asia.
Agriculture begins in the highlands of Papua New Guinea, with evidence of early farming practices.
Portuguese explorer Jorge de Meneses is believed to be the first European to sight the island, naming it 'Ilhas dos Papuas'.
Spanish explorer Íñigo Ortiz de Retes names the island 'Nueva Guinea' after the African Guinea coast.
The southeastern part of the island is annexed by Britain as British New Guinea, while the northeastern part becomes a German protectorate.
British New Guinea is transferred to Australian administration and renamed the Territory of Papua.
Australia occupies German New Guinea at the start of World War I.
The League of Nations grants Australia a mandate to administer German New Guinea.
During World War II, Japanese forces invade Papua New Guinea, leading to significant battles such as the Kokoda Track campaign.
The territories of Papua and New Guinea are combined into a single administrative unit under Australian control.
Papua New Guinea gains independence from Australia, becoming a sovereign nation.
A secessionist conflict begins on the island of Bougainville, leading to a decade-long civil war.
The Bougainville Peace Agreement is signed, granting the island greater autonomy and ending the civil war.
Papua New Guinea experiences a significant economic boom due to the development of its natural gas resources.
Papua New Guinea hosts the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit, highlighting its growing role in regional affairs.
Activities
Diving in Kimbe Bay
Kimbe Bay, located on the north coast of New Britain, is renowned for its vibrant coral reefs and diverse marine life, making it a top destination for diving enthusiasts. The bay is home to over 900 species of fish and 400 types of coral, offering a spectacular underwater experience. Dive sites such as Inglis Shoal and Susan's Reef are particularly popular, providing opportunities to see barracudas, dolphins, and even the occasional orca. The best time to dive is between May and November when the waters are calm and visibility is at its peak.
Trekking the Kokoda Track
The Kokoda Track is a historic 96-kilometer trail that traverses the rugged Owen Stanley Range. It is famous for its role in World War II and offers trekkers a challenging yet rewarding experience through dense rainforest, steep ridges, and deep valleys. The trek typically takes 6 to 10 days to complete and provides a deep insight into the history and culture of Papua New Guinea. The best time to trek is during the dry season from April to October.
Birdwatching in Varirata National Park
Varirata National Park, located just outside Port Moresby, is a haven for birdwatchers. The park is home to a variety of bird species, including the iconic Raggiana Bird of Paradise, which is the national bird of Papua New Guinea. Visitors can explore several walking trails that offer excellent opportunities to spot these vibrant birds, along with other wildlife. Early morning visits are recommended for the best birdwatching experience.
Cultural Experience at the Goroka Show
The Goroka Show is an annual cultural festival held in the Eastern Highlands Province, showcasing the rich cultural diversity of Papua New Guinea. It features traditional music, dance, and costumes from over 100 tribes, providing a unique opportunity to witness the country's cultural heritage. The show takes place in September and is one of the largest cultural events in the country, attracting visitors from around the world.
Surfing in Vanimo
Vanimo, located in the Sandaun Province, is a hidden gem for surfers seeking uncrowded waves and pristine beaches. The area offers consistent swells and a variety of breaks suitable for all levels of surfers. The surf season runs from October to April, with the best conditions typically found between November and February. Vanimo's remote location ensures a peaceful and authentic surfing experience.
Exploring the Sepik River
The Sepik River is one of the largest and most culturally significant rivers in Papua New Guinea. A journey along the river offers a glimpse into the traditional lifestyles of the Sepik people, known for their intricate wood carvings and vibrant cultural practices. Visitors can take guided canoe tours to explore the river's villages, witness traditional ceremonies, and purchase unique handicrafts. The best time to visit is during the dry season from May to October.