Midway Islands (US) / Baker Island
Midway Islands (US)
Explore the Remote Midway Islands
Situated in the heart of the North Pacific Ocean, the Midway Islands are a remote atoll more than 1,300 miles northwest of Honolulu. Comprising two main islands, Sand and Eastern Island, this territory is famed for its rich biodiversity and pivotal role in world history. Today, the islands are primarily managed as the Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge, boasting some of the world's largest colonies of albatross and other seabirds. With no permanent population, Midway is a unique sanctuary where nature flourishes largely undisturbed. Its crystal-clear lagoons and untouched coral reefs make it a haven for marine life, while remnants of its military past offer a window into its strategic significance during World War II. Access is highly restricted, preserving the islands’ pristine ecosystems and historical sites.
Safety
The Midway Islands are generally safe but highly regulated, with strict access controls. Medical facilities are extremely limited, and evacuation for emergencies may require long waits.
Visas
As a U.S. unincorporated territory, entry follows U.S. visa requirements; however, special permits from the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service are mandatory.
Customs regulations
Strict environmental protocols must be followed to protect wildlife; do not disturb animals or remove natural/cultural items. Respect the solemnity of historical sites.
Prices
Travel to Midway is costly due to its remoteness and permit requirements. If permitted, expect high prices for transportation and logistics, as all supplies must be flown in.
People and nationalities
There is no permanent civilian population; only a small number of U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service staff and contractors reside temporarily. Visitors are rare and mostly researchers or conservationists.
Weather
Midway has a subtropical climate, with warm temperatures year-round (averaging 70-80°F/21-27°C). The best time to visit is from April to October, when the weather is drier and seas are calmer. Storms and high winds can occur, especially during the winter months.
Health
Medical facilities are extremely limited; visitors should bring all necessary medications. Emergency evacuation can be delayed due to the island’s isolation.
Food
Canned Tuna and Crackers
With no local agriculture or restaurants, food on Midway typically consists of shelf-stable provisions such as canned tuna served with crackers, a staple among staff and researchers.
Freeze-Dried Meals
Due to the lack of fresh food supplies, freeze-dried camping meals are common, prepared with boiled water and offering various simple flavors.
Packaged Snacks
Snacks like granola bars, nuts, and dried fruit are essential for visitors and workers, providing energy and convenience in the remote setting.
Instant Coffee
Instant coffee is a common beverage among personnel, as fresh coffee is rarely available and logistics require long shelf lives.
Transport
Chartered Flights
Access to Midway is typically via special charter flights from Honolulu, arranged by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service for staff and permitted visitors.
Walking and Bicycles
On the islands themselves, transportation is by foot or bicycle due to their small size and environmental sensitivity.
Utility Vehicles
Limited use of small utility vehicles is permitted for staff to transport supplies and equipment around Sand Island.
Regions
Baker Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Howland Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Jarvis Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Johnston Atoll (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Kingman Reef (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Midway Islands (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Navassa Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Palmyra Atoll (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Wake Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
What to visit?
History
The United States formally claimed the Midway Islands under the Guano Islands Act, seeking valuable guano deposits.
The Commercial Pacific Cable Company established a station on Midway, making it a key telegraph relay point between the U.S. and Asia.
Pan American Airways selected Midway as a stopover on its pioneering trans-Pacific Clipper flying boat route.
The pivotal Battle of Midway occurred, marking a turning point in World War II's Pacific Theater as U.S. forces defeated the Japanese navy.
Midway continued as a critical U.S. naval air facility during the Cold War, supporting military operations in the Pacific.
The U.S. Navy transferred control of Midway to the Department of the Interior, and it became a national wildlife refuge.
Midway Atoll was designated as part of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, further protecting its ecosystems.
Activities
Bird Watching
Observe the vast colonies of Laysan and Black-footed Albatross, along with dozens of other seabird species that nest on the islands.
Historical Site Tours
Explore remnants of World War II, including bunkers, runways, and memorials commemorating the Battle of Midway.
Snorkeling and Diving
Discover pristine coral reefs and diverse marine life in the lagoon, accessible only with special permission and equipment.
Photography
Capture the untouched natural beauty, unique wildlife, and evocative historical ruins of this isolated atoll.