Howland Island (US) / Baker Island
Howland Island (US)
Explore the Remote Wilderness of Howland Island
Howland Island is a tiny, uninhabited coral island in the central Pacific Ocean, administered as an unincorporated territory of the United States. Located just north of the equator and about halfway between Hawaii and Australia, this flat, sun-baked island is surrounded by vibrant reefs and offers a striking example of remote Pacific wilderness. Its main claim to fame is its association with Amelia Earhart, who disappeared near this island during her 1937 world flight attempt. The island is part of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument and is strictly protected, resulting in a pristine ecosystem with significant seabird and marine life populations. Howland Island is special for its untouched landscapes, historical significance, and importance as a wildlife sanctuary, but it is not open to general tourism.
Safety
Howland Island is uninhabited and closed to public access, except by special permit for scientific or conservation purposes. The environment is harsh, with little shade and no freshwater sources, posing significant safety risks for unauthorized visitors.
Visas
Howland Island is a U.S. unincorporated territory; entry is by special permit only and not open to general tourism or public access.
Customs regulations
There are no local customs or etiquette as the island is uninhabited. Visitors are required to follow strict environmental protocols to preserve the fragile ecosystem.
Prices
As access is restricted to government and scientific expeditions, there are no travel costs or services available for the general public. Any visit would require significant logistical expense, often coordinated by U.S. government agencies.
People and nationalities
There is no permanent population on Howland Island. The island is occasionally visited by scientists and conservationists, but otherwise remains uninhabited. There are no local customs or communities.
Weather
Howland Island has an equatorial, hot, and dry climate, with temperatures averaging 27–32°C (80–90°F) year-round. Rainfall is infrequent, and the island is exposed to strong sunlight and ocean winds. The best time for authorized visits is during the drier months from May to October, but access is highly restricted.
Health
There are no medical facilities on Howland Island. Emergency medical evacuation would be required in case of injury or illness.
Food
No Local Cuisine
Howland Island is uninhabited and has no local food traditions or specialties. Any visitors must bring all food and water supplies with them.
Transport
Chartered Vessel
The only way to reach Howland Island is by private boat or research vessel, typically organized by U.S. government agencies or scientific groups.
Helicopter (Rare)
Occasionally, helicopters may be used for short visits or emergency purposes, but there are no active landing facilities.
No Public Transport
There are no transportation services, infrastructure, or roads on Howland Island; all movement is on foot once ashore.
Regions
Baker Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Howland Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Jarvis Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Johnston Atoll (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Kingman Reef (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Midway Islands (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Navassa Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Palmyra Atoll (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Wake Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
What to visit?
History
Howland Island was sighted by American whaling ships, and its location was later recorded in shipping logs.
The United States claimed Howland Island under the Guano Islands Act for its valuable guano deposits.
A small settlement called Itascatown was established as part of the American Equatorial Islands Colonization Project, but was abandoned in 1942.
A navigational airstrip was built in anticipation of Amelia Earhart’s trans-Pacific flight; Earhart disappeared near the island.
Japanese shelling during World War II forced the evacuation of the island's colonists.
Howland Island was designated as a National Wildlife Refuge to protect its unique ecosystem.
Howland Island became part of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument, further enhancing its protected status.
Activities
Wildlife Observation (by Permit)
Authorized scientists and researchers may observe nesting seabirds, green sea turtles, and unique marine life in a pristine environment.
Historic Site Exploration
Permitted visitors can explore the remnants of Itascatown and the overgrown runway built for Amelia Earhart’s ill-fated flight.
Marine Research
The surrounding reefs and waters provide opportunities for marine biology research and ecological monitoring (with permission).
Photography
Documenting the island’s stark landscapes, wildlife, and historical sites is a rare privilege for those granted access.