Jarvis Island (US) / Baker Island
Jarvis Island (US)
Explore the Remote Wilderness of Jarvis Island
Jarvis Island is a tiny, uninhabited coral island located in the central Pacific Ocean, about halfway between Hawaii and the Cook Islands. As part of the United States Minor Outlying Islands, Jarvis is known for its stark, low-lying landscape of coral sand, scattered grasses, and unique wildlife, particularly seabirds. The island is surrounded by turquoise lagoons and vibrant coral reefs, making it an important ecological sanctuary within the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument. With no permanent human population, Jarvis Island offers a rare glimpse into a pristine natural environment rarely touched by modern development. The island is strictly managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to protect its fragile ecosystems. It is an intriguing destination for researchers, conservationists, and those interested in Pacific maritime history, though public access is heavily restricted.
Safety
Jarvis Island is uninhabited and access is strictly limited, primarily to scientific and conservation personnel. There are no facilities, shelter, or emergency services available, making independent travel hazardous and generally prohibited.
Visas
Jarvis Island is administered by the United States; entry is only permitted for authorized personnel, subject to U.S. regulations and permits.
Customs regulations
There are no local customs, but strict environmental guidelines are enforced. All visitors must respect the island’s natural habitat, avoid disturbing wildlife, and follow 'leave no trace' principles.
Prices
As a protected wildlife refuge with no infrastructure or tourism industry, there are no costs associated with accommodations or amenities. Any expedition incurs significant logistical costs due to the remote location and required permits.
People and nationalities
There is no indigenous or resident population on Jarvis Island. The island's only human presence comes from occasional scientific expeditions or U.S. government personnel. Its isolation has preserved a unique ecosystem, largely undisturbed by human activity.
Weather
The island experiences a hot, arid tropical climate with abundant sunshine, minimal rainfall, and persistent trade winds. Daytime temperatures average between 28°C and 32°C (82°F–90°F) year-round. There is little seasonal variation, but visits (for authorized personnel) are best planned during the drier months from April to September.
Health
There are no medical facilities or pharmacies on Jarvis Island. Visitors must bring their own medical supplies and be prepared for complete self-sufficiency during their stay.
Food
Self-Supplied Provisions
As the island is uninhabited and has no infrastructure, all food must be brought in by visitors, typically non-perishable, compact supplies suitable for remote fieldwork.
Canned Goods
Researchers and authorized visitors rely on canned meats, vegetables, and fruits as their primary sustenance during expeditions.
Dehydrated Meals
Lightweight, freeze-dried meals are popular choices for those visiting Jarvis Island due to their convenience and long shelf life.
Energy Bars and Snacks
High-calorie snacks and nutrition bars form an essential part of sustenance for those working in the harsh island environment.
Transport
Chartered Research Vessels
Access to Jarvis Island is only possible via special research or supply ships, which anchor offshore due to the lack of port facilities.
Small Boats
Landing on the island requires transferring from larger vessels to small boats, which can navigate the shallow coastal waters.
On Foot
All movement on the island is on foot, as there are no roads or vehicles; the terrain is flat but covered with loose coral sand and vegetation.
Regions
Baker Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Howland Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Jarvis Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Johnston Atoll (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Kingman Reef (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Midway Islands (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Navassa Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Palmyra Atoll (US)
Unincorporated Territory
Wake Island (US)
Unincorporated Territory
What to visit?
History
Jarvis Island was first sighted by the British ship Eliza Francis, captained by Brown.
The United States claimed Jarvis Island under the Guano Islands Act for its rich guano deposits.
Guano mining operations ceased, and the island was largely abandoned.
British interests briefly reasserted a claim, but the island remained uninhabited.
The U.S. began the American Equatorial Islands Colonization Project, sending colonists to Jarvis as part of a strategic effort.
World War II led to the evacuation of American personnel and the end of habitation.
Jarvis Island was designated a National Wildlife Refuge, protecting its unique habitats.
The island became part of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument, further enhancing its conservation status.
Activities
Wildlife Observation
Observe nesting seabirds, rare migratory species, and the island’s unique flora, under strict supervision and permits.
Scientific Research
Authorized researchers study Jarvis Island’s ecosystems, climate, and marine environments.
Snorkeling and Coral Study
With permission, marine biologists can explore rich coral reefs teeming with Pacific marine life.
Historic Site Exploration
Examine the remains of guano mining operations and relics from early American settlements.