Jordan / الأردن
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Discover the Timeless Wonders of Jordan
Jordan, a captivating country in the heart of the Middle East, is a land of ancient history and vibrant culture. Known for its stunning archaeological sites, Jordan is home to the world-famous Petra, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. This ancient city, carved into rose-red cliffs, offers a glimpse into the Nabataean civilization and is a must-visit for any traveler. Beyond Petra, Jordan boasts the vast desert landscapes of Wadi Rum, where you can experience the serene beauty of the desert and the hospitality of the Bedouin people. The capital city, Amman, is a bustling metropolis that blends modernity with tradition. Here, you can explore the Roman Theatre, the Citadel, and enjoy the vibrant street life. Jordan's culture is deeply rooted in its Arab heritage, with a rich tapestry of traditions, music, and cuisine. The people of Jordan are known for their warmth and hospitality, often inviting visitors to share a meal or a cup of tea. Jordan's history is a tapestry of influences from various civilizations, including the Romans, Byzantines, and Ottomans, each leaving their mark on the country's architecture and culture. The Dead Sea, the lowest point on Earth, offers a unique experience with its mineral-rich waters and therapeutic mud. Whether you're exploring the ancient ruins of Jerash, floating in the Dead Sea, or hiking through the Dana Biosphere Reserve, Jordan offers a diverse range of experiences that cater to history buffs, adventure seekers, and nature lovers alike.
Safety
Jordan is generally considered a safe country for travelers, with low crime rates compared to other countries in the region. However, visitors should remain vigilant in crowded areas and be aware of their surroundings. The borders with Syria and Iraq are areas to avoid due to regional instability.
National symbols
The flag of Jordan consists of three horizontal stripes (black, white, and green) and a red chevron with a white seven-pointed star. The national emblem features an eagle, a crown, and a shield.
Capital city
Amman / عمان
Visas
Most travelers to Jordan require a visa, which can be obtained on arrival at the airport or border crossings. Citizens of some countries, including the USA, Canada, and EU member states, can obtain a visa on arrival. It is advisable to check the latest visa requirements before traveling.
Customs regulations
Travelers can bring personal items duty-free, but there are restrictions on the import of alcohol and tobacco. It is prohibited to export antiquities or items of historical significance without proper authorization.
Prices
Jordan can be moderately expensive, especially in tourist areas. Accommodation and dining in Amman and Petra can be pricey, but there are budget options available. Street food and local eateries offer affordable dining options.
People and nationalities
Jordan is predominantly Arab, with a majority Muslim population. There are also Christian communities and other minority groups. Jordanians are known for their hospitality and friendliness, often welcoming visitors with open arms.
Weather
Jordan has a diverse climate, with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The best time to visit is during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is pleasant and ideal for exploring.
Health
Travelers to Jordan are recommended to be up-to-date on routine vaccines such as measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP). Hepatitis A and B vaccinations are also advised. Tap water is not recommended for drinking, so bottled water is preferable.
Food
Mansaf
Mansaf is the national dish of Jordan, made with lamb cooked in a sauce of fermented dried yogurt and served with rice. It is a traditional Bedouin dish often served on special occasions.
Falafel
Falafel is a popular street food made from ground chickpeas or fava beans, seasoned with herbs and spices, and deep-fried. It is often served in pita bread with salad and tahini sauce.
Maqluba
Maqluba is a traditional Jordanian dish consisting of meat, rice, and fried vegetables, cooked together and flipped upside down before serving. It is a flavorful and hearty meal.
Transport
Public Buses
Public buses are an affordable way to travel between cities in Jordan. They are generally reliable, but schedules can be irregular. It's a good option for budget travelers.
Taxis
Taxis are widely available in cities and are a convenient way to get around. It's advisable to agree on a fare before starting the journey or ensure the meter is used.
Car Rental
Renting a car is a great way to explore Jordan at your own pace. Roads are generally in good condition, and driving is on the right side of the road.
Domestic Flights
Domestic flights are available between Amman and Aqaba, offering a quick way to travel between the north and south of the country.
What to visit?
History
The region that is now Jordan has been inhabited since the Paleolithic period, with evidence of human activity dating back to around 10,000 BC.
The area was part of the ancient Near East and was inhabited by various Semitic peoples, including the Ammonites, Moabites, and Edomites.
The region was influenced by the Israelites, who established the Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judah.
Alexander the Great conquered the region, bringing it under Hellenistic influence.
The Roman Empire annexed the area, and it became part of the Roman province of Arabia Petraea.
The Nabataean Kingdom, with its capital at Petra, was annexed by the Roman Empire.
The region came under Islamic rule following the Battle of Yarmouk, becoming part of the Umayyad Caliphate.
The Crusaders established the Kingdom of Jerusalem, which included parts of modern-day Jordan.
The Ottoman Empire took control of the region, which remained under Ottoman rule for four centuries.
The Arab Revolt against Ottoman rule began, with significant contributions from the Hashemite family.
Jordan gained independence from British rule and was established as the Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan.
The country was renamed the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.
During the Six-Day War, Israel captured the West Bank from Jordan.
Jordan signed a peace treaty with Israel, becoming the second Arab country to do so.
Jordan experienced protests as part of the Arab Spring, leading to some political reforms.
Activities
Petra Archaeological Site
Petra, also known as the 'Rose City' due to the color of the stone from which it is carved, is a historical and archaeological city in southern Jordan. It is famous for its rock-cut architecture and water conduit system. Visitors can explore the Siq, a narrow gorge that leads to the stunning Al-Khazneh (The Treasury), and continue to the Monastery and the Royal Tombs. The best time to visit is during the cooler months from March to May or September to November.
Wadi Rum Desert Adventure
Wadi Rum, also known as the Valley of the Moon, is a protected desert wilderness in southern Jordan. It is renowned for its stunning red sandstone mountains and prehistoric rock engravings. Visitors can enjoy jeep tours, camel rides, and even hot air balloon rides to experience the breathtaking landscape. Camping under the stars in a Bedouin camp is a must-do experience. The ideal time to visit is during the spring or autumn when the temperatures are moderate.
Dead Sea Relaxation
The Dead Sea, located at the lowest point on Earth, is famous for its hyper-saline water that allows swimmers to float effortlessly. The mineral-rich mud is known for its therapeutic properties, making it a popular spot for spa treatments. Visitors can enjoy the unique experience of floating in the sea and indulging in mud baths. The best time to visit is during the cooler months from October to April.
Jerash Roman Ruins
Jerash is home to one of the best-preserved Roman provincial towns in the world. Visitors can explore the ancient city, which features colonnaded streets, temples, theaters, and plazas. The Jerash Festival, held annually in July, showcases traditional Jordanian music, dance, and arts. The site is open year-round, but spring and autumn offer the most pleasant weather for exploration.
Aqaba Beach and Water Sports
Aqaba, Jordan's only coastal city, is located on the Red Sea and is known for its beautiful beaches and vibrant coral reefs. It is a popular destination for snorkeling, scuba diving, and other water sports. The warm waters and rich marine life make it an ideal spot for underwater exploration. The best time to visit is from March to May or September to November when the weather is warm but not too hot.
Dana Biosphere Reserve Hiking
The Dana Biosphere Reserve is Jordan's largest nature reserve, offering a diverse range of landscapes from sandstone cliffs to lush valleys. It is a haven for hikers and nature lovers, with numerous trails that vary in difficulty. The reserve is home to a variety of wildlife, including the Nubian ibex and the Syrian wolf. The best time for hiking is during the spring and autumn when the weather is cooler and the landscape is lush.