Plaza de Armas of Cajamarca
Cajamarca
The Plaza de Armas of Cajamarca is the main public square of the city and one of the largest in Peru. This square holds immense historical significance as the location where the Inca Empire fell following the capture and execution of the Inca Atahualpa in 1532. It features a large 18th-century carved stone fountain at its center and is surrounded by colonial architecture including the Cajamarca Cathedral, the Church of San Francisco, the City Hall, and elegant colonial mansions. The plaza reflects strong Spanish influence and is a vibrant cultural hub in the city's historic center. The Cathedral, built starting in 1682, is renowned for its richly decorated Latin American Baroque facade and gilded wooden altar and pulpit. The Church of San Francisco, constructed over 80 years from 1699, showcases an elaborate Baroque facade with numerous saint sculptures and towers completed in 1958. Adjacent to San Francisco is the Sanctuary of the Virgin of Sorrows, featuring a Gothic-style altar and 17th-century paintings. The plaza’s historical importance and architectural beauty make it a key attraction for visitors interested in Peru’s colonial and indigenous history.
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Tip: The best time to visit the Plaza de Armas of Cajamarca is during the dry season from May to October for pleasant weather and clear views. Visitors are advised to explore early in the day to avoid crowds and enjoy the peaceful ambiance. It is recommended to book guided tours in advance to fully appreciate the historical context and architectural details. Entrance to the public square is free, but some nearby religious sites may have modest entrance fees with discounts for students and seniors. Comfortable walking shoes are suggested due to the extensive area and historic cobblestone surfaces.
Interesting facts
- •The Plaza de Armas was the actual site where the Inca Atahualpa was captured by Spanish conquistadors, leading to the fall of the Inca Empire in 1532.
- •The large stone fountain in the center of the plaza was constructed in 1699 and is a significant example of colonial stonework.
- •The Cathedral of Cajamarca, located on the plaza, has one of the most richly decorated Baroque facades in Latin America and features a gilded wooden altar and pulpit.
- •The Church of San Francisco took 80 years to build, from 1699 to 1779, and its towers were only completed in 1958.
- •The Sanctuary of the Virgin of Sorrows adjacent to San Francisco contains 17th-century paintings depicting miracles attributed to the Virgin.
- •Cajamarca was declared a National Historic Monument of Peru in 1982, emphasizing the importance of its colonial and archaeological sites.
History
Originally, the Plaza de Armas of Cajamarca was a fortified monument measuring approximately 400 by 200 meters, including three pavilions and a castle-like structure called Ushnu.
It was a strategic location marking the start of the road from Cajamarca to Baños del Inca.
The plaza was the scene of the capture of Inca Atahualpa in 1532, which led to the fall of the Inca Empire.
The current stone fountain dates from 1699, replacing an earlier pergola.
The city of Cajamarca was declared a National Historic Monument in 1982, recognizing its archaeological and colonial heritage.
Over centuries, the plaza evolved from a fortified Inca site to a colonial urban square, preserving its cultural and historical layers.
Place Guide
Central Stone Fountain1699
An 18th-century carved stone fountain dating from 1699, serving as the plaza's centerpiece and a fine example of colonial craftsmanship.
Cajamarca Cathedral1682
Built starting in 1682, the cathedral is famous for its ornate Baroque facade, gilded wooden altar, and pulpit. It is a key religious and architectural landmark on the plaza.
Church of San Francisco1699-1779
The largest and most imposing church in Cajamarca, constructed over 80 years from 1699. Its Baroque facade features multiple saint sculptures and its towers were completed in 1958.
Sanctuary of the Virgin of Sorrows1722
Located beside the Church of San Francisco, this chapel was built in 1722 and houses a Gothic-style altar and 17th-century paintings depicting miracles of the Virgin.
