Palatine Hill
Lazio
Palatine Hill is one of the seven hills of Rome and is traditionally regarded as the site where the city was founded. It rises to approximately 51 meters above sea level and overlooks the Roman Forum and Circus Maximus. The hill features two summits, Palatium and Germalus, and was historically the location of imperial palaces and aristocratic residences. According to Roman mythology, Romulus and Remus were found and nurtured near the Palatine, linking the hill to the city's legendary origins. Archaeological evidence reveals ancient cisterns, sanctuaries, and early Iron Age settlements, confirming its long-standing significance. During the Republic and Empire, the hill hosted important cults including those of Magna Mater, Apollo, and Vesta, with temples integrated into imperial residences. Today, Palatine Hill offers visitors a unique blend of myth, history, and monumental ruins that showcase the heart of ancient Rome's political and religious life.
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Tip: The best time to visit Palatine Hill is early morning or late afternoon to avoid crowds and the midday heat. Tickets for the Roman Forum and Palatine Hill are often combined, so purchasing them in advance online is recommended to skip long lines. Reduced rates and discounts are typically available for EU citizens under 25, seniors, and groups. Comfortable walking shoes and water are advisable as the site involves uneven terrain and extensive walking. Guided tours or audio guides can enrich the experience by providing detailed historical context.
Interesting facts
- •Palatine Hill is considered the birthplace of Rome, where Romulus and Remus were said to have been found by the she-wolf.
- •The hill features ruins of imperial palaces, including those of Augustus and Domitian.
- •The Temple of Fortuna Respiciens, known from the 4th century, was located on the western slopes of Palatine Hill.
- •The Lupercal cave, associated with the legend of Romulus and Remus, is located at the foot of the hill.
- •Palatine Hill was part of the original Septimontium, the ancient festival celebrating Rome's seven hills.
History
Palatine Hill has been central to Rome's history since its legendary founding, traditionally dated to 753 BCE.
The hill was originally home to early Iron Age settlements and later developed into the nucleus of Rome’s aristocratic and imperial residences.
Throughout the Republic and Empire, it housed temples and palaces, reflecting Rome's political and religious evolution.
Over centuries, the hill witnessed significant architectural developments, including the construction of the Domus Augustana and other imperial palaces.
Excavations have revealed layers from archaic to imperial times, illustrating continuous occupation and transformation.
Place Guide
House of Augustus1st century BCE
The residence of Emperor Augustus, this palace complex includes the Temple of Apollo and the Temple of Magna Mater, reflecting imperial religious devotion and architectural innovation.
Temple of Fortuna RespiciensUnknown, referenced in 4th century
An ancient temple located on the western slopes of Palatine Hill, known from 4th-century sources; only a polychrome pediment survives, now housed in the Capitoline Museums.
Lupercal CaveLegendary, ancient times
A grotto at the foot of Palatine Hill traditionally identified as the shelter where Romulus and Remus were nurtured by the she-wolf, central to Rome's founding myth.
Contact
Phone: 06 2111 5843