Þingvellir National Park
Suðurland
Þingvellir National Park, located about 40 km northeast of Reykjavík in southwestern Iceland, is a site of immense historical, cultural, and geological importance. It was the location of the Alþing, Iceland's national parliament, founded in 930 AD and held here until 1798, marking it as one of the world's oldest parliamentary sites. The park lies in a rift valley that marks the crest of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, where the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates meet, creating visible geological fissures and dramatic landscapes. Þingvellir is also adjacent to Þingvallavatn, Iceland's largest natural lake, contributing to the area's stunning natural beauty. Established as Iceland's first national park in 1930 on the parliament's 1000th anniversary, it was later expanded to protect the diverse ecosystems and natural phenomena of the region. Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004, Þingvellir remains a symbol of Icelandic cultural heritage and national identity. Visitors can explore the historic parliament grounds, observe unique geological features, and enjoy the park's natural environment. The name Þingvellir means "assembly fields," reflecting its historical role as a gathering place for the Icelandic people.
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Tip: The best time to visit Þingvellir National Park is during the summer months when the weather is milder and daylight is extended, allowing for longer exploration. Visitors are encouraged to book diving tours in advance to experience the unique underwater rift between tectonic plates. Parking fees apply at popular sites within the park, so plan accordingly. Camping is available at designated campgrounds. Check the official website for updates on weather conditions, guided tours, and special events such as traditional church services held at Þingvallakirkja. Early arrival can help avoid crowds, especially during peak tourist seasons.
Interesting facts
- •Þingvellir was the site of the world’s oldest existing parliament, the Alþing, founded in 930 AD.
- •The park sits on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge where the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates meet and drift apart.
- •Þingvallavatn, adjacent to the park, is Iceland’s largest natural lake and hosts unique aquatic species evolving in isolation.
- •The name Þingvellir means "assembly fields" and is related to similar place names across Northern Europe indicating historic assembly sites.
- •Þingvellir was Iceland’s first national park, established in 1930 to protect the historic parliament site and surrounding nature.
History
Þingvellir's history dates back to 930 AD when it became the site of the Alþing, Iceland's national parliament, established to unify various regional chieftains and provide a forum for governance.
The location was chosen for its accessibility to the majority of Iceland's population and its symbolic centrality.
The parliament convened here annually until 1798, after which sessions moved to Reykjavík.
In 1928, legislation established Þingvellir as Iceland's first national park to protect the historic parliamentary site and surrounding natural features.
The park was officially founded in 1930 to commemorate the parliament's 1000th anniversary and was later expanded to preserve the area's unique geology and ecology.
In 2004, Þingvellir was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognizing its cultural and natural significance.
Place Guide
Alþing Parliamentary Site930–1798
The historic open-air assembly site where Iceland’s national parliament met annually from 930 to 1798. Visitors can see the Law Rock (Lögberg), where laws were recited and disputes settled.
Geological Rift Valley
A visible rift valley marking the boundary between the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates. Visitors can walk along fissures and see the effects of continental drift.
Þingvallavatn Lake
The largest natural lake in Iceland, known for its clear waters and unique ecosystem, including endemic species evolving in isolation.
Contact
Phone: 488 1800
