Hexigten Global Geopark
Nei Mongol Zizhiqu
Hexigten Global Geopark, located in Hexigten Banner of Inner Mongolia, China, spans 1,750 square kilometers across eight distinct areas of geological and scenic significance. The park showcases a diverse range of natural features including volcanic landforms, glacial remnants, desert dunes, and unique granite stone forests. Notable sites include the Arshihaty granite forest with its horizontally segmented stone columns, the Qingshan granite mortars featuring glacial potholes shaped like giant kettles, and the Dali Nur volcanic landscape with basalt plateaus and extinct volcano plugs. The park also contains Mount Huanggangliang, the highest peak of the Greater Khingan Mountains, preserving permafrost from the last glaciation. The Xar Moron River canyon offers a dramatic deep gorge and holds cultural significance as the original homeland of the Khitan people. Additionally, the Hunshandake Sandland, one of China's largest sand lands, is part of the park and is notable for its ecological sensitivity and ongoing desertification. Designated a National Geopark in 2001 and a UNESCO Global Geopark in 2005, Hexigten presents a unique blend of geological history and natural beauty, attracting visitors interested in earth sciences and diverse landscapes.
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Tip: The best time to visit Hexigten Global Geopark is during late spring to early autumn when weather conditions are favorable for exploring its diverse landscapes. Visitors are advised to plan ahead and consider purchasing tickets or permits in advance if required. Due to the park's vast area and scattered sites, arranging guided tours or transport can enhance the experience. Discounts may be available for students and seniors, so check official resources before visiting. Prepare for varied terrain and bring suitable clothing and footwear for hiking and outdoor activities.
Interesting facts
- •The Arshihaty granite forest's stone columns are uniquely segmented horizontally, a rare geological phenomenon.
- •The Qingshan granite mortars area contains over 300 glacial potholes shaped like pots, jars, and basins formed by swirling water during the Quaternary period.
- •Mount Huanggangliang, within the park, is the highest peak in the Greater Khingan mountain range at 2029 meters.
- •The Xar Moron River canyon is culturally significant as the original homeland of the Khitan people.
- •Hunshandake Sandland, part of the park, has seen desertification increase from 2% to 33% between the 1960s and 2000 due to overgrazing.
History
Hexigten Global Geopark was designated a National Geopark of China on December 10, 2001, recognizing its significant geological features.
Subsequently, UNESCO granted it Global Geopark status on February 11, 2005, marking its international importance.
The park's geological formations record a complex history including volcanic activity, glaciation during the Quaternary period, and desertification processes.
The region has been historically significant as the original homeland of the Khitan people, adding cultural depth to its natural heritage.
Place Guide
Arshihaty Granite Forest
A striking 'forest' of granite stone columns shaped by frost splitting and wind erosion, notable for their strong horizontal segmentation. The area includes five scenic spots with evocative names such as 'Moon Castle' and 'Sworn Brothers.'
Qingshan Granite MortarsQuaternary period
An area featuring over 300 glacial potholes formed by whirlpool-like water action during the Quaternary period. These potholes resemble various containers like pots and basins, spread across two square kilometers.
Dali Nur Volcanic Landscape
Located near the lake's northwest shore, this area features a basalt plateau and large volcanic plugs, which are remnants of extinct volcanoes that once formed islands when lake levels were higher.
Mount Huanggangliang Quaternary Glacial RemnantQuaternary period
The highest peak in the Greater Khingan range at 2029 meters, with permafrost areas above 1500–1700 meters remaining from the last glaciation, resembling 'island-like' frozen patches.
Xilamulun River Canyon
A deep grand canyon carved by the Xar Moron River in southwest Hexigten, significant as the original homeland of the Khitan people and a dramatic natural feature.
Hunshandake Sandland
One of China's four largest sand lands, featuring extensive dunes and an ecologically sensitive environment undergoing rapid desertification due to overgrazing.