San Marcos Cathedral
Arica y Parinacota
San Marcos Cathedral, located in the city center of Arica, Chile, is a remarkable example of 19th-century ecclesiastical architecture featuring a fully metal structure designed by the French engineer Gustave Eiffel. Originally intended for the beach resort of Ancón, Peru, the cathedral was repurposed for Arica after the previous colonial-era church was destroyed by the 1868 earthquake. The metal components were shipped from France and assembled locally, culminating in the cathedral's inauguration in 1876 atop the ruins of the former church. Architecturally inspired by Gothic styles, the cathedral's structure is notable for its iron framework, with wooden doors being the only exception. The building has endured significant historical events, including the transfer of Arica to Chilean administration following the War of the Pacific and subsequent ecclesiastical jurisdictional changes. The cathedral was declared a National Monument in 1984, reflecting its cultural and historical importance. It underwent restoration after sustaining damage in the 2014 earthquake, reopening to the public in 2017. The cathedral's patron saint, Saint Mark, is celebrated annually on April 25, coinciding with the Spanish foundation date of Arica. Its location opposite Plaza Colón places it at the heart of the city's historical and social life.
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Tip: The best time to visit San Marcos Cathedral is during the morning or early evening when it is open to the public, typically from 8:30 AM to 2 PM and 6 PM to 10 PM. Visitors should consider checking for any ongoing restoration works or special events that might affect access. While entrance is generally free, guided tours or local information centers can enrich the experience. Visiting on or near April 25 offers a chance to witness celebrations honoring Saint Mark, the cathedral's patron. Advance booking is not usually necessary, but for group visits or special occasions, contacting local tourist offices is recommended.
Interesting facts
- •The cathedral's metal structure was designed and manufactured by Gustave Eiffel's workshops, the same engineer famous for the Eiffel Tower in Paris.
- •Originally, the metal church was intended for Ancón, a beach resort in Peru, but was redirected to Arica after the 1868 earthquake destroyed the previous church.
- •The cathedral is one of the few churches in South America with a fully metallic structure, except for its wooden doors.
- •The 2014 earthquake toppled the cathedral's cross and caused significant damage, prompting a 17-month restoration project completed in 2017.
- •San Marcos Cathedral was declared a National Monument of Chile in 1984, reflecting its architectural and historical significance.
History
The original parish church in Arica dated back to the colonial period and stood for 226 years before being destroyed by the 1868 earthquake.
In the 19th century, the construction of the current San Marcos Cathedral was commissioned by the Peruvian government under President José Balta and built by Gustave Eiffel's workshops in France.
The metal structure arrived in Arica in 1875 and was assembled by French technicians, with the cathedral inaugurated in 1876.
After the War of the Pacific in 1880, Arica came under Chilean control, and ecclesiastical jurisdiction transitioned over the following decades, culminating in the cathedral's elevation to diocesan status in 1986.
The cathedral was declared a National Monument in 1984.
It suffered damage in the 2014 earthquake and was closed for restoration until early 2017.
Place Guide
Main Structure and Metal Framework1876
The cathedral's defining feature is its complete metal framework, a pioneering construction for its time in South America, showcasing the engineering prowess of Gustave Eiffel's workshops. The structure exemplifies Gothic architectural inspiration through its pointed arches and verticality, realized in iron rather than traditional stone.
Wooden Doors
Contrasting with the metallic structure, the cathedral's two main doors are crafted from wood, providing a traditional tactile and visual element that complements the iron framework.
Interior and Bell
Inside, the cathedral houses a historic bell declared a Monumento Histórico, notable both for its craftsmanship and cultural value. The interior space reflects the Gothic style with high ceilings and stained glass, creating a solemn atmosphere for worship.
