Malakhov Kurgan
Sevastopol
Malakhov Kurgan is a tactically significant height located in the southeastern part of Sevastopol, Crimea. It played a crucial role during the Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855) in the Crimean War, serving as a fortified Russian defensive position. The hill housed multiple artillery batteries and was the site of fierce fighting, notably the Battle of Malakoff, where French forces captured it, marking a turning point in the siege. Named after Captain Mikhail Malakhov, the hill overlooks Sevastopol Bay, a key naval anchorage. Beyond the Crimean War, Malakhov Kurgan was a focal point during the Russian Revolution of 1905 and witnessed revolutionary meetings and executions. During World War II, it again served as a defensive artillery position until the city fell to Axis forces. Today, the site contains memorial plaques commemorating key events and figures, including Admirals Kornilov and Nakhimov, and hosts a small museum dedicated to its military history. The hill remains a popular tourist attraction and symbol of Sevastopol's resilience and strategic importance.
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Tip: Visitors should plan their visit during the warmer months for comfortable weather and clear views of Sevastopol Bay. It is advisable to check the museum's opening hours in advance and consider guided tours to fully appreciate the historical significance. Tickets may be available on-site, but purchasing or reserving in advance can help avoid queues. Discounts may be offered for students, seniors, or groups. Comfortable walking shoes are recommended due to the hill's terrain.
Interesting facts
- •Malakhov Kurgan was the only defense completed before the Siege of Sevastopol began in 1854.
- •Admiral Pavel Nakhimov was mortally wounded on Malakhov Kurgan during the Crimean War.
- •The French flag was famously raised on the hill during the Battle of Malakoff, symbolizing their victory.
- •Lieutenant Leo Tolstoy volunteered to defend Sevastopol and witnessed the fall of Malakhov Kurgan, later writing about it.
- •During the Russian Revolution of 1905, sailors from the Black Sea Fleet agreed to mutiny near the hill.
- •In World War II, artillery guns salvaged from a destroyer were placed on the hill to defend the city.
History
Malakhov Kurgan first appeared on Russian maps in 1851 and was named after Captain Mikhail Malakhov, a respected local figure.
During the Crimean War, it was heavily fortified by Russian forces and became a key defensive point in the Siege of Sevastopol.
The hill was the site of the decisive Battle of Malakoff in 1855, where French troops captured it.
In the early 20th century, it served as a meeting place for revolutionary forces and was the site of executions during the Russian Revolution.
In World War II, it was again fortified as part of Sevastopol's defense until captured by German forces.
Post-war, the site was preserved as a memorial and museum.
Place Guide
The Defensive Tower1854
Built in autumn 1854, this tower was the only completed defense before the siege and served as a key Russian fortification during the Crimean War.
Kornilov Bastion1854
Field fortifications around the tower named after Vice-Admiral Vladimir Kornilov, who was mortally wounded here in 1854 during the siege.
Memorial Plaques
Plaques commemorate the locations of defense batteries, the deaths of Admirals Kornilov and Nakhimov, and a mass grave of defenders.
World War II Artillery Battery Site1941
Position of two 130 mm guns salvaged from the destroyer Sovershennyy, used in the defense during the Siege of Sevastopol (1941–1942).