Lake Skadar
Central Region
Lake Skadar, also known as Skadarsko jezero, is the largest lake in Montenegro and the Balkan Peninsula, spanning approximately 370 square kilometers. The lake straddles the border between Montenegro and Albania, with its waters fed by numerous rivers and draining into the Adriatic Sea via the Bojana River. Surrounded by limestone mountains, wetlands, rocky shores, pristine forests, and sandy beaches, the lake supports a rich and diverse ecosystem, including the only pelican habitat in southern Europe. It is dotted with numerous islands and peninsulas, which host significant cultural heritage sites such as the medieval fortress Lesendro and the fortress Grmožur, as well as the island monastery Starčevo, dating back to 1376. The lake's surroundings have been historically important, with the Crnojević and Balšić dynasties establishing many churches and monasteries that contributed to the cultural life of the Montenegrin people. The nearby town of Rijeka Crnojevića and the remains of the town of Obod, site of the first printing press in the region, enrich the historical significance of the area. Lake Skadar's waters are home to many fish species, including endemic and rare types, making it a vital ecological site. Its blend of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and biodiversity makes it a unique destination for nature lovers and history enthusiasts alike.
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Tip: The best time to visit Lake Skadar is during late spring and early autumn when the weather is pleasant and birdwatching opportunities are optimal. Visitors should consider booking guided boat tours in advance to explore the lake's islands and cultural sites. Discounts may be available for group tours and students. Early morning visits offer the best chances to observe the lake's diverse birdlife, including the rare pelicans.
Interesting facts
- •Lake Skadar is the only habitat for pelicans in southern Europe.
- •The lake's surface area fluctuates seasonally due to changes in water inflow and climate.
- •The medieval fortress Lesendro is located on a rock island in the lake.
- •The first book in this part of Europe, the Oktoih, was printed in 1494 near the lake in the town of Obod.
- •Lake Skadar hosts a rich diversity of fish species, including several endemic types.
History
Lake Skadar was historically a large swamp known as 'Great Marsh' until 1858 when an earthquake caused the Drim River to shift its course, depositing sediment that formed the lake's basin.
The area has been inhabited since medieval times, with the Crnojević and Balšić dynasties building numerous monasteries and churches around the lake, making it a cultural hub known as the 'Zeta Holy Mountain.' The first printing press in the region was established nearby in Obod in 1494.
Over centuries, the lake has been a significant natural and cultural landmark, witnessing various historical transitions in the Balkans.
Place Guide
Starčevo Monastery1376
Located on the island of Starčeva Gora, this monastery dates back to 1376 and is dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. It was founded by the hermit Makarios and served as a center of literacy for many decades. The complex includes a church, monastic quarters, auxiliary buildings, a wall with a gate, and terraces. In front of the church lies the empty tomb of the printer Božidar Vuković Podgoričanin.
Lesendro Fortress15th century
A fortress situated on a rocky islet in Lake Skadar, historically important for controlling lake access and regional defense. It is a notable medieval structure and a popular tourist attraction.
Grmožur FortressUnknown
Known as the 'Island of Death,' this fortress is located on an island in Lake Skadar. It served various military functions and is steeped in history and local lore.
