Irbenes Radio Telescope
Kurzeme Region
The Irbenes Radio Telescope, part of the Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Centre (VIRAC), is located near Irbene in Kurzeme, Latvia. Originally built in 1974 by the Soviet military, this secretive installation was used during the Cold War, possibly for espionage, before becoming a scientific research center after Latvia regained independence. The facility features the impressive RT-32, a 32-metre parabolic radio telescope composed of over 20,000 components and mounted on a 25-metre tower, notable for its ship-like construction and precision engineering. Alongside RT-32, the center houses a 16-metre telescope and since 2019, a LOFAR station, expanding its capabilities in radio astronomy. The RT-32 underwent a major restoration starting in 2014, funded by the EU and Latvian authorities, enhancing its sensitivity and enabling remote operation for very-long-baseline interferometry. Today, VIRAC serves as a significant hub for international astronomical research, combining historical legacy with modern scientific innovation in a tranquil Baltic forest setting.
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Tip: Visitors should plan their visit during the warmer months when access to the wooded site is easier. Booking guided tours in advance is recommended to gain in-depth insights into the telescopes and their history. While the site does not charge high fees, check for possible discounts or group rates. Wear comfortable footwear suitable for forest terrain and bring weather-appropriate clothing. Photography is often allowed but verify any restrictions on equipment beforehand. The facility provides educational information, making it suitable for science enthusiasts and families.
Interesting facts
- •The RT-32 telescope consists of over 20,000 components and its central cone weighs 80 tonnes.
- •The telescope structure was built by a naval factory in Ukraine, giving it a ship-like interior design.
- •The Irbenes Radio Telescope was a secret Soviet military installation until 1993.
- •The RT-32 underwent a major restoration funded by the European Union and Latvian governments, costing around €16 million.
- •Since 2019, the observatory includes a LOFAR station, enhancing its radio astronomy capabilities.
History
Constructed in 1974 by the Soviet military, the Irbenes Radio Telescope was initially a secret installation known as Zvezdochka ('Little Star').
It possibly served KGB intelligence purposes during the Cold War.
After Latvia regained independence in 1991, the site was taken over by the Latvian Academy of Sciences in 1994 and converted into a scientific research center.
In 1996, it became an independent institution named VIRAC.
Significant upgrades and restorations, including the RT-32 telescope refurbishment from 2014 to 2015, have modernized the facility, culminating in the addition of a LOFAR station in 2019, marking its evolution from military to scientific use.
Place Guide
RT-32 Telescope1974
The main 32-metre parabolic radio telescope, renowned for its precision engineering and large size. It is fully steerable and mounted on a 25-metre tower, with a focal length of 11.45 metres and a secondary mirror of 2.5 metres. Its construction resembles a ship's interior, reflecting its naval factory origins.
RT-16 Telescope1974
A smaller 16-metre parabolic radio telescope at the center, complementing the larger RT-32 in scientific observations.
LOFAR Station2019
Installed in 2019, this station is part of the Low Frequency Array network, expanding VIRAC's capabilities to observe cosmic phenomena at low radio frequencies.
Contact
Phone: 29 230 818
