Château de Saumur
Pays de la Loire
Château de Saumur is a historic château located in Saumur, France, overlooking the confluence of the Loire and Thouet rivers. Originally built in the 10th century by Theobald I, Count of Blois, as a fortified castle to defend against Norman invasions, it later passed to the counts of Anjou and the Plantagenet dynasty. The castle was rebuilt in the 12th century by Henry II of England and significantly enhanced by French kings, including Philip II and Louis IX, transforming it from a fortress into a royal residence. The distinctive octagonal towers date from the 14th century under Louis I of Anjou, who converted it into a true palace. René of Anjou, who lived there until 1480, further improved the château, earning it the nickname "castle of love." Over centuries, the château served various roles: a fortress, royal residence, military barracks, and state prison under Napoleon. In the 20th century, it was restored and converted into a museum dedicated to decorative arts and the region's equestrian traditions, including the famous Cadre Noir. The château also houses a collection of historic toys and figurines. Despite damage during World War II and a partial rampart collapse in 2001, careful restoration preserved its architectural heritage. It is recognized as a monument historique and part of the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Loire Valley. Visitors can admire its medieval architecture, rich history, and cultural exhibitions celebrating Saumur's unique heritage.
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Tip: The best time to visit Château de Saumur is during spring and early autumn when the weather is mild and the Loire Valley is particularly scenic. It is advisable to purchase tickets in advance, especially during peak tourist seasons, to avoid queues. Visitors interested in the equestrian museum should check for any special demonstrations or events related to the Cadre Noir. Guided tours enhance the experience by providing historical context. Discounts may be available for students, seniors, and groups. The château is accessible by public transport and has visitor facilities including a gift shop and café.
Interesting facts
- •The Château de Saumur is depicted in the famous medieval illuminated manuscript, the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry, illustrating its historical significance and appearance in 1410.
- •The château's octagonal towers, added in the 14th century, are unique architectural features that replaced earlier round towers, reflecting evolving military and aesthetic designs.
- •It served as a state prison under Napoleon Bonaparte, although the prison cells were used only briefly.
- •The château houses the Musée de la Figurine-Jouet, a collection of antique toys and figurines representing soldiers, French kings, and clowns.
- •Part of the northern rampart collapsed in 2001, prompting extensive stabilization and reconstruction completed by 2007.
History
Château de Saumur was first fortified in the 10th century by Theobald I, Count of Blois, to protect the nearby Benedictine abbey and assert control over the Loire.
In 1026, it was seized by Fulk Nerra, Count of Anjou, marking the start of Angevin influence.
The castle was rebuilt and expanded in the 12th century under Henry II of England.
In 1203, Philip II of France captured it, integrating it into the royal domain and fortifying it for the Hundred Years' War.
The 14th century saw the replacement of round towers with octagonal ones by Louis I of Anjou, transforming it into a palace.
René of Anjou resided there until 1480.
Later, it served as a military barracks and then a state prison under Napoleon.
The city of Saumur acquired it in the early 20th century, converting it into a museum.
The château has undergone several restorations, especially after WWII and a rampart collapse in 2001.
Place Guide
The Octagonal Towers1360s
These distinctive 14th-century towers replaced earlier round ones and are a hallmark of the château's medieval military architecture, providing panoramic views of the Loire Valley.
The Dungeon and Watchtower12th century
Remnants of the château's fortified past, the dungeon and watchtower offer insight into its defensive functions during medieval times.
Museum of the Horse20th century
Dedicated to the equestrian tradition of the Saumur region and the Cadre Noir, this museum showcases the cultural importance of horsemanship with exhibits on riding, training, and horse history.
Musée de la Figurine-Jouet20th century
A unique collection of antique toys and figurines, including representations of soldiers, French monarchs, and clowns, highlighting cultural history and craftsmanship.
Contact
Phone: 02 41 40 24 40
