Zaqatala State Nature Reserve
Zaqatala
Established in 1929, Zaqatala State Nature Reserve spans over 28,800 hectares in the southern foothills of the Greater Caucasus Mountains in Azerbaijan. The reserve features a rich variety of flora, including over 900 plant species representing one-sixth of Azerbaijan's flora, with extensive broadleaf forests dominated by oak, beech, hornbeam, and chestnut trees. Some beech trees reach 200–250 years old and 30 meters tall. The fauna includes rare and protected species such as lynx, caper, Caucasian falcon, Dagestan mountain goats, roe deer, wild boar, and bears. The reserve encompasses three major rivers-Mazimchay, Balakenchay, and Katekhchay-that originate from the Greater Caucasus peaks and flow into the Alazan River. Notable natural features include the picturesque Gabizdere (Zaqatala) waterfall, about 20 meters high, and numerous sulphate-mineral springs. The area also contains historical ruins of an ancient church and the large Pichigel Cave, used by reserve staff and surrounded by ancient broad-leaved forests. The reserve plays a crucial role in conserving rare plants and animals and is under consideration to be expanded into a biosphere reserve to enhance its protection and scientific value.
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Tip: The best time to visit Zaqatala State Nature Reserve is during late spring to early autumn when the weather is favorable for hiking and exploring waterfalls. Visitors should consider arranging guided tours to access remote natural features like waterfalls and caves safely. It is advisable to check with local authorities or the reserve management for updated information on access and any required permits. While entry fees and discounts are not specified, visitors may benefit from group rates or educational discounts. Booking accommodations in nearby Zaqatala town in advance is recommended, especially during peak seasons.
Interesting facts
- •The reserve contains beech trees that are 200–250 years old and can grow up to 30 meters tall.
- •There are about 10 waterfalls within the reserve, including the notable Gabizdere (Zaqatala) waterfall, which drops 20 meters into a rocky ravine.
- •Pichigel Cave near the reserve's ancient church ruins can accommodate 200–250 people and remains dry year-round.
- •The reserve hosts over 900 plant species, accounting for one-sixth of all flora in Azerbaijan.
- •Several rare animals in the reserve, such as the Caucasian falcon and lynx, are listed in Azerbaijan's Red Book and the IUCN Red List.
History
Zaqatala State Nature Reserve was established in 1929 to protect the unique flora and fauna of the southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus Mountains.
Initially covering around 23,844 hectares, the reserve's territory has expanded multiple times, reaching approximately 28,844 hectares.
In 2008, its area further increased by incorporating adjacent forest protection lands, totaling over 47,000 hectares.
Over the decades, the reserve has evolved into a vital conservation area, preserving rare plant species and diverse wildlife endemic to the Caucasus region.
Efforts continue to elevate its status to a biosphere reserve to enhance ecological research and protection.
Place Guide
Gabizdere (Zaqatala) Waterfall
A majestic waterfall approximately 20 meters high, flowing into a narrow rocky ravine. It is one of about ten waterfalls in the reserve and a popular natural attraction for visitors.
Pichigel Cave
A large cave located about 800–1000 meters from ancient church ruins, used by reserve workers for overnight stays. The cave is notable for its dry interior and the monolithic rock formations above it, surrounded by evergreen vines and ancient broad-leaved forests.
Ancient Church Ruins
Ruins of a very ancient church situated on a small plateau near therapeutic sulphate-mineral springs at the confluence of the Rochigelchay and Kilsachay rivers, tributaries of the Katekhchay.
