Southern / Zambia
Southern
Explore the Wonders of Zambia’s Southern Province
Southern Province is Zambia’s gateway to some of Africa’s greatest natural wonders, stretching from the banks of the mighty Zambezi River and the world-renowned Victoria Falls in Livingstone, to the rolling hills and plains dotted with wildlife. This region boasts an extraordinary mix of adventure and culture, drawing visitors with its vibrant towns like Choma and Mazabuka, tranquil rural landscapes, and the iconic waters of Lake Kariba. Southern Province is also home to ancient archaeological sites, bustling local markets, and a rich tradition of storytelling, dance, and music that reflect the area’s diverse heritage. Beyond its natural beauty, the province is a hub for agriculture, especially sugarcane plantations near Mazabuka. Southern Province is steeped in the traditions of the Tonga people, whose customs and festivals add color and depth to the visitor experience. Whether you’re seeking thrilling safaris, cultural immersion, or simply the awe-inspiring sight of Victoria Falls, Southern Province is a destination that captures the heart of Zambia.
Safety
Southern Province is generally safe for travelers, especially in tourist areas like Livingstone. However, travelers should remain vigilant against petty crime and take standard precautions, especially at night and in crowded areas.
Visas
Most visitors require a Zambian visa, which can be obtained on arrival or online through the e-visa system. Always check the latest requirements based on your nationality.
Customs regulations
Greetings are important, and a handshake is common practice. It is polite to ask before taking photos of people or in villages. Dress modestly, especially in rural areas, and respect local traditions and ceremonies.
Prices
Travel costs range from budget guesthouses to luxury lodges, especially near Victoria Falls. Meals and transport are reasonably priced, but tourist activities such as safaris or adventure sports can be more expensive. Bargaining is common in markets but not in formal establishments.
People and nationalities
The province is predominantly inhabited by the Tonga people, known for their warm hospitality, cattle-rearing traditions, and vibrant ceremonies. English is widely spoken, but Tonga and other local languages are commonly heard. Community life revolves around agriculture, communal events, and traditional leadership structures.
Weather
Southern Province enjoys a subtropical climate, with a rainy season from November to April and a dry season from May to October. The best time to visit is during the dry winter months (May–August), when wildlife viewing is at its peak and Victoria Falls is still impressive. Temperatures can be hot from September to November, while evenings can be cool in winter.
Health
Medical facilities are found in major towns like Livingstone, with pharmacies and hospitals available. Malaria is present, so prophylaxis and mosquito precautions are advised.
Food
Chibwantu
A traditional Tonga fermented maize drink, mildly alcoholic and slightly sour, often served at gatherings and ceremonies, especially in rural areas.
Ifisashi
A rich stew made from groundnuts (peanuts), leafy green vegetables (like pumpkin leaves or spinach), and sometimes tomatoes, often served with nshima.
Nshima
Zambia’s staple, a thick porridge made from maize flour, served as the base for most meals and eaten with various sauces, relishes, or meats.
Boiled Goat Meat
Goat is a common protein in Southern Province, often boiled with onions, tomatoes, and local spices, and served alongside nshima.
Kapenta with Tomato Relish
Small dried fish from Lake Kariba, fried and served with a tangy tomato and onion sauce, usually accompanied by nshima.
Sweet Potato Fritters
Crispy fritters made from grated sweet potatoes, a popular snack or breakfast item in local markets.
Transport
Intercity Buses
Regular bus services connect major towns such as Livingstone, Choma, Mazabuka, and Lusaka, offering an affordable way to travel between destinations.
Car Hire
Rental cars are available in Livingstone and allow for flexible exploration of parks, rural areas, and scenic routes at your own pace.
Local Minibuses
Minibuses are popular for short distances and local travel between towns and markets, though they can be crowded and schedules may vary.
Taxis
Taxis are readily available in Livingstone and can be hired for local trips or day tours, but always agree on the fare in advance.
What to visit?
History
Stone Age inhabitants leave archaeological traces in the Batoka Plateau and Gwembe Valley, showing early human settlement in the region.
The Tonga people establish permanent settlements, developing distinctive cattle-rearing and agricultural practices.
Scottish explorer David Livingstone becomes the first European to witness and name Victoria Falls, bringing international attention to the area.
The Victoria Falls Bridge is completed, connecting Zambia and Zimbabwe and boosting regional trade and tourism.
Construction of Lake Kariba begins, creating one of the world’s largest man-made lakes and dramatically altering the local economy and environment.
Zambia achieves independence from British colonial rule, with Southern Province playing a key role in the independence movement.
Kafue National Park is expanded, reinforcing Southern Province as a major safari and conservation destination.
Livingstone is named Zambia’s official tourism capital, spurring further investment in hospitality and adventure tourism.
Activities
Victoria Falls Adventure
Experience the awe-inspiring Victoria Falls, with options for guided tours, bungee jumping, white-water rafting, and helicopter flights over the falls.
Safari in Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park
Go on a wildlife safari to see elephants, giraffes, zebras, and the rare white rhino, just minutes from Livingstone.
Lake Kariba Boat Cruise
Enjoy a scenic boat cruise on Lake Kariba, with opportunities for fishing, birdwatching, and sunset photography.
Cultural Visit to Tonga Villages
Immerse yourself in Tonga culture with guided visits to traditional villages, where you can learn about local customs, crafts, and daily life.
Choma Museum and Craft Centre
Visit the Choma Museum to explore exhibits on Tonga history and culture, and shop for locally made crafts and textiles.