Taiwan / 台灣
Republic of China
Discover the Enchanting Island of Taiwan
Taiwan, an island nation located off the southeastern coast of China, is a vibrant blend of traditional and modern influences. Known for its stunning natural landscapes, Taiwan boasts lush mountains, serene beaches, and bustling cities. The capital city, Taipei, is home to the iconic Taipei 101 skyscraper, once the tallest building in the world, and the National Palace Museum, which houses an extensive collection of Chinese art and artifacts. Taiwan's culture is a rich tapestry woven from its indigenous heritage, Chinese influences, and Japanese colonial history. The island is famous for its night markets, where visitors can sample a variety of street foods and experience the lively local atmosphere. Taiwan is also renowned for its hot springs, tea plantations, and the annual Lantern Festival, which illuminates the night sky with thousands of glowing lanterns. The people of Taiwan are known for their hospitality and friendliness, making it a welcoming destination for travelers. With a democratic government and a thriving economy, Taiwan is a beacon of progress and innovation in Asia. Whether you're exploring the historic temples, hiking in Taroko Gorge, or enjoying the vibrant arts scene, Taiwan offers a unique and unforgettable experience.
Safety
Taiwan is considered one of the safest countries in the world, with low crime rates and a strong sense of community. However, travelers should still exercise standard precautions, such as safeguarding personal belongings and avoiding isolated areas at night. The political situation is stable, but visitors should stay informed about any developments regarding cross-strait relations with China.
National symbols
The national flag of Taiwan features a blue sky with a white sun and a red field. The white sun with twelve rays symbolizes the twelve months and the twelve traditional Chinese hours of the day. The plum blossom is the national flower, representing resilience and perseverance.
Capital city
Taipei / 台北
Visas
Taiwan offers visa-free entry for citizens of several countries, including the United States, Canada, the European Union, Australia, and Japan, for stays of up to 90 days. Visitors from other countries may need to apply for a visa in advance. It's important to check the latest entry requirements before traveling.
Customs regulations
Travelers to Taiwan can bring in personal items duty-free, but there are restrictions on the import of certain goods such as tobacco, alcohol, and fresh produce. It's important to declare any items that exceed the duty-free allowance to avoid fines.
Prices
Taiwan is generally affordable, with reasonable prices for food, accommodation, and transportation. Street food and local eateries offer delicious meals at low prices, while high-end restaurants and hotels are more expensive. Public transportation is efficient and inexpensive, making it easy to explore the island on a budget.
People and nationalities
Taiwan's population is predominantly Han Chinese, with a significant number of indigenous peoples. The main religions are Buddhism, Taoism, and Christianity. The Taiwanese are known for their politeness, hospitality, and respect for tradition, while also embracing modernity and innovation.
Weather
Taiwan has a subtropical climate with hot, humid summers and mild winters. The best time to visit is during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is pleasant and ideal for outdoor activities. Typhoon season runs from June to October, so travelers should be prepared for potential disruptions during this time.
Health
Travelers to Taiwan are recommended to be up-to-date with routine vaccinations. There are no specific vaccination requirements for entry, but it's advisable to have vaccinations for hepatitis A and B, typhoid, and Japanese encephalitis, especially if you plan to visit rural areas.
Food
Beef Noodle Soup
A hearty and flavorful dish made with tender beef, noodles, and a rich broth seasoned with soy sauce, star anise, and other spices. It's a staple in Taiwanese cuisine and can be found in many local eateries.
Xiao Long Bao
Steamed dumplings filled with pork and a savory broth, known for their delicate skin and juicy filling. Originally from Shanghai, they are a popular dish in Taiwan, especially in Taipei's famous Din Tai Fung restaurant.
Bubble Tea
A sweet tea-based drink with chewy tapioca pearls, originating from Taiwan. It comes in various flavors and is a must-try for visitors looking to experience local beverages.
Oyster Omelette
A popular street food made with fresh oysters, eggs, and a starchy batter, often topped with a sweet and spicy sauce. It's a unique and delicious dish that showcases Taiwan's seafood offerings.
Transport
High-Speed Rail
Taiwan's High-Speed Rail (THSR) connects major cities along the western coast, offering a fast and convenient way to travel across the island. It's recommended for long-distance travel.
Public Buses
An extensive network of buses operates throughout Taiwan, providing an affordable and efficient way to explore cities and rural areas. Bus routes are well-marked, and many buses have English signage.
MRT (Mass Rapid Transit)
Taipei and Kaohsiung have modern MRT systems that are clean, efficient, and easy to navigate. They are ideal for getting around the city quickly and affordably.
Scooter Rental
Scooters are a popular mode of transport in Taiwan, especially in smaller towns and rural areas. Rentals are widely available, but travelers should have a valid international driving permit and be cautious of traffic conditions.
Regions
What to visit?
History
The earliest evidence of human habitation in Taiwan dates back to around 5000 BC, with the arrival of Austronesian-speaking peoples, who are believed to be the ancestors of the indigenous peoples of Taiwan.
Portuguese sailors sighted Taiwan and named it 'Ilha Formosa', meaning 'Beautiful Island'.
The Dutch established a trading post on the southwestern part of Taiwan, marking the beginning of European colonization on the island.
Koxinga, a Ming loyalist, defeated the Dutch and established the Kingdom of Tungning, making Taiwan a base for anti-Qing activities.
The Qing Dynasty annexed Taiwan, incorporating it into the Fujian province of China.
Following the First Sino-Japanese War, the Treaty of Shimonoseki was signed, and Taiwan was ceded to Japan, beginning 50 years of Japanese rule.
Japan surrendered at the end of World War II, and Taiwan was placed under the administrative control of the Republic of China (ROC).
After losing the Chinese Civil War to the Communist Party, the ROC government retreated to Taiwan, establishing Taipei as the temporary capital.
The United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758 was passed, recognizing the People's Republic of China as the legitimate representative of China, leading to the ROC's withdrawal from the UN.
Martial law, which had been in place since 1949, was lifted, marking the beginning of Taiwan's transition to democracy.
Taiwan held its first direct presidential election, a significant milestone in its democratic development.
Chen Shui-bian of the Democratic Progressive Party was inaugurated as president, marking the first peaceful transfer of power from the Kuomintang to an opposition party.
Tsai Ing-wen was re-elected as president, continuing her administration's policies of maintaining Taiwan's de facto independence and strengthening international relations.
Activities
Taipei 101 Observatory
Standing as one of the tallest buildings in the world, Taipei 101 offers breathtaking views of the city from its observatory on the 89th floor. Visitors can take a high-speed elevator to the top and enjoy panoramic views of Taipei's skyline, especially stunning at sunset. The observatory also features interactive displays about the building's construction and the surrounding area. Located in the Xinyi District, Taipei 101 is a must-visit for architecture enthusiasts and those looking to capture stunning photographs of the city.
Taroko Gorge National Park
Taroko Gorge is a stunning natural wonder located in eastern Taiwan, known for its towering marble cliffs, deep gorges, and lush vegetation. Visitors can hike along trails such as the Shakadang Trail and the Swallow Grotto, which offer breathtaking views of the gorge and its unique rock formations. The park is also home to the Eternal Spring Shrine, a picturesque temple built into the mountainside. Ideal for nature lovers and adventure seekers, Taroko Gorge is best visited in the spring or fall when the weather is mild.
Sun Moon Lake
Sun Moon Lake is Taiwan's largest body of water, located in the mountains of Nantou County. The lake is renowned for its serene beauty and is a popular spot for cycling, boating, and hiking. Visitors can explore the surrounding area by renting bicycles and riding along the scenic bike path that circles the lake. The nearby Wenwu Temple offers cultural insights and stunning views of the lake. Sun Moon Lake is particularly beautiful during the autumn months when the surrounding foliage turns vibrant shades of red and orange.
Jiufen Old Street
Jiufen is a charming mountain town located in northern Taiwan, famous for its narrow alleyways, traditional teahouses, and stunning views of the Pacific Ocean. Visitors can wander through Jiufen Old Street, sampling local delicacies such as taro balls and pineapple cakes, and browsing shops selling handmade crafts. The town's nostalgic atmosphere and beautiful scenery have made it a popular destination for both locals and tourists. Jiufen is especially enchanting in the evening when the lanterns light up the streets.
Kenting National Park
Located at the southern tip of Taiwan, Kenting National Park is known for its beautiful beaches, lush forests, and diverse wildlife. Visitors can enjoy a variety of outdoor activities, including snorkeling, surfing, and hiking. The park's most famous beach, Baisha Bay, offers crystal-clear waters and soft white sand, perfect for a relaxing day by the sea. Kenting is also home to the Eluanbi Lighthouse, which provides panoramic views of the coastline. The park is best visited in the spring or fall to avoid the summer crowds and heat.
Beitou Hot Springs
Beitou is a district in Taipei known for its natural hot springs, which have been popular since the Japanese colonial era. Visitors can relax in the therapeutic waters at one of the many public or private hot spring resorts in the area. The Beitou Hot Spring Museum offers insights into the history and culture of the hot springs, while the nearby Thermal Valley features steaming geothermal pools. Beitou is a perfect destination for those looking to unwind and rejuvenate, especially during the cooler months of winter.