Amarbayasgalant Monastery
Bulgan
Amarbayasgalant Monastery is one of Mongolia's three largest Buddhist monastic centers, located in the Iven Valley near the Selenge River at the foot of Mount Büren-Khaan in northern Mongolia. Established between 1727 and 1736 by order of the Yongzheng Emperor of Qing China, it was intended as the final resting place for Zanabazar, the first spiritual head of Tibetan Buddhism for the Khalkha Mongols. The monastery is dedicated to Zanabazar's tutelary deity, Maitreya, and features a harmonious architectural style predominantly Chinese with Mongol and Tibetan influences. Originally comprising over 40 temples arranged symmetrically along a north-south axis, today 28 temples remain after partial destruction during the Stalinist purges of 1937. Restoration efforts began in 1988 with UNESCO support, reviving this spiritual and cultural landmark. The complex's serene location and stylistic unity make it a unique example of Qing-era religious architecture in Mongolia.
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Tip: The best time to visit Amarbayasgalant Monastery is during the warmer months when the weather is favorable for exploring the extensive grounds. Visitors are advised to purchase tickets in advance if possible, especially during peak tourist seasons. Some discounts may be available for students and groups. Respectful attire is recommended when visiting the monastery, and guided tours can enhance understanding of its historical and spiritual significance.
Interesting facts
- •The monastery is named after two boys, Amur and Bayasqulangtu, who were playing on the steppe near the site chosen for construction.
- •Amarbayasgalant Monastery's architectural style closely resembles the Yonghegong Palace in Beijing, a Qing-era Buddhist monastery.
- •It is dedicated to Maitreya, the future Buddha and tutelary deity of Zanabazar.
- •Despite widespread destruction during the Stalinist purges, Amarbayasgalant was one of the few monasteries to partially survive, with its central buildings intact.
History
Amarbayasgalant Monastery was constructed between 1727 and 1736 by order of the Yongzheng Emperor to honor Zanabazar, the first Jebtsundamba Khutuktu.
Zanabazar's remains were moved to the monastery in 1779.
The monastery survived the Stalinist purges of 1937 relatively intact compared to others, though many monks were executed and artifacts looted.
Restoration began in 1988 with UNESCO funding, preserving the remaining 28 temples and reviving its cultural importance.
Place Guide
Main Temple Complex1727-1736
The heart of Amarbayasgalant Monastery featuring the main halls dedicated to Maitreya and other important Buddhist figures, showcasing exquisite Chinese-inspired architectural details and religious art.
Remaining Temples18th century
Twenty-eight temples remain today from the original over 40, each reflecting the monastery's harmonious blend of Chinese, Mongol, and Tibetan architectural influences.
Restoration Works1988 onwards
Restoration began in 1988 with UNESCO and private funding, including commissioning new statues from India to replace those lost or damaged during the Communist era.
