Erhai Lake
Yunnan Sheng
Erhai Lake, located in Dali City of Yunnan Province, China, is an alpine fault lake situated at an elevation of approximately 1,972 meters. It spans about 40 kilometers from north to south and 7–8 kilometers east to west, making it the second largest highland lake in China with a surface area of approximately 250 square kilometers. The lake is surrounded by the scenic Cang Mountain on the west and is a vital natural feature of the region. Historically, it was known by several names including Yeyuze and Kunming Lake, reflecting the ancient ethnic groups and linguistic evolutions in the area. The lake is culturally significant to the local Bai people, who have a traditional fishing method using trained cormorants. Erhai's waters host a variety of endemic fish species, although some have become extinct or endangered due to environmental changes. The lake's shores offer numerous attractions such as Erhai Park, Butterfly Springs, and several islands like Guanyin Ge and Nanzhao Folklore Island. Its picturesque landscapes and rich cultural backdrop make it a beloved destination for visitors seeking natural beauty and cultural experiences.
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Tip: The best time to visit Erhai Lake is during the spring and autumn months when the weather is mild and the scenery is at its most vibrant. Visitors are advised to explore the lakeshore by hiking or cycling to fully appreciate the natural beauty and cultural sites. Purchasing tickets for boat tours to the islands in advance can help avoid queues. Discounts may be available for students and seniors. Be mindful of environmental protection guidelines as the area has undergone strict ecological conservation efforts.
Interesting facts
- •Erhai Lake is the second largest highland lake in China, covering about 250 square kilometers.
- •The Bai people use trained cormorants to catch fish, a traditional method unique to the region.
- •Eight fish species endemic to Erhai have mostly become extinct or endangered due to environmental changes.
- •The lake was historically known as Kunming Lake, named after the ancient Kunming Yi ethnic group.
- •Erhai was once part of the royal deer ranch during the Nanzhao Kingdom period.
History
Erhai Lake formed during the early Pleistocene epoch as a fault lake in an inland basin shaped by tectonic activity.
Historically, the region around Erhai was inhabited by the Kunming Yi ethnic group during the Han to Tang dynasties, which influenced the lake's early names.
The lake has long been a vital resource for local communities, including the Bai people, and was once a royal deer ranch during the Nanzhao Kingdom era.
Over centuries, the lake's ecosystem and surrounding settlements have evolved, with the area becoming an important hub on the ancient Southwest Silk Road and later the Tea Horse Road.
Recent decades have seen efforts to combat pollution and eutrophication to preserve the lake's natural state.
Place Guide
Erhai Park
A scenic park along the lake's western bank offering walking trails, gardens, and views of the lake and Cang Mountain.
Butterfly Springs
A natural spring area known for its clear waters and seasonal butterfly migrations, located on the western shore of Erhai Lake.
Guanyin Ge Island
An island on Erhai Lake featuring cultural and religious sites, including temples dedicated to Guanyin, the Buddhist goddess of mercy.
Nanzhao Folklore Island
An island showcasing the traditional culture and folklore of the ancient Nanzhao Kingdom and local Bai ethnic group.
Jinsuo Island (Golden Shuttle Island)
Known for its natural beauty and historical relics, this island is a popular destination for boat tours on Erhai Lake.