Uçhisar Castle
Central Anatolia Region
Uçhisar Castle, located in the town of Uçhisar in Cappadocia, Turkey, is a remarkable rock formation rising approximately 60 meters high. This natural fortress is riddled with an extensive network of underground tunnels and rooms that once housed up to a thousand inhabitants, serving as residences and possibly religious cloisters during Byzantine times. The castle's strategic location on the edge of Göreme National Park allowed it to function as a defensive stronghold against invasions. Today, it stands uninhabited but is open to visitors who can climb to its summit for spectacular panoramic views of the surrounding fairy chimneys, valleys, and the unique Cappadocian landscape. Nearby, visitors can explore the sixth-century Church of St Basil carved into a rock cone, as well as the charming old village with its stone houses, many converted into boutique hotels. The area also features the Pigeon Valley, known for its carved pigeon houses whose guano was historically used as fertilizer and to enhance fresco colors in cave churches. Uçhisar Castle represents a blend of natural geological wonder and rich historical significance, making it a must-see attraction in Central Anatolia.
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Tip: The best time to visit Uçhisar Castle is during the early morning or late afternoon to enjoy cooler temperatures and stunning sunrise or sunset views. It is advisable to purchase tickets in advance during peak tourist seasons to avoid long queues. Visitors should wear comfortable shoes for climbing and exploring uneven terrain. Guided tours are recommended to fully appreciate the castle's history and underground passages. Discounts may be available for students, seniors, and groups. Check the official website or local tourist offices for updated opening hours and ticket information.
Interesting facts
- •Uçhisar Castle is approximately 60 meters high and visible from a wide distance.
- •The castle contains numerous underground passageways and rooms, many of which are now blocked or impassable.
- •Around 1,000 people may have lived in the castle during its peak habitation period.
- •The nearby Pigeon Valley was named for its many pigeon houses carved into the valley sides, whose guano was used as fertilizer and to enhance fresco colors.
- •The sixth-century Church of St Basil is carved inside a rock cone near Uçhisar.
- •The town of Uçhisar has transformed many old stone houses into boutique hotels, attracting tourists worldwide.
History
Uçhisar Castle's origins trace back to ancient times, with the surrounding region inhabited since Hittite periods.
The castle itself was first mentioned in a 14th-century chronicle by Aziz ibn Ardasir.
During the Byzantine era in the 7th century AD, the area was fortified to serve as a buffer against Islamic expansion, utilizing the natural terrain for defense.
Later, the Selçuks capitalized on the region's strategic importance by establishing caravanserais and small centers nearby.
Over centuries, the castle's underground rooms and tunnels were used for habitation and protection, housing a sizable population.
Though now uninhabited, the castle remains a testament to the area's complex history and strategic significance.
Place Guide
Uçhisar Castle Summit
The highest point of Uçhisar Castle offers panoramic views over Cappadocia's unique landscape, including fairy chimneys, valleys, and distant towns. Visitors can climb the rock cone to reach this vantage point.
Underground Passageways and RoomsByzantine period (7th century)
The castle is crisscrossed by numerous tunnels and chambers carved into the rock, which served as residences and possibly monastic cloisters during Byzantine times. Many of these are now blocked or unsafe to enter.
Church of St Basil6th century
A rock-cut church dating back to the 6th century, located inside a rock cone near Uçhisar. It is not easily accessible but is historically significant as an early Christian site.
Pigeon Valley (Güvercinlik Vadisi)
A scenic valley between Uçhisar and Göreme, famous for its carved pigeon houses. The valley offers a two-hour walking route with natural beauty and historical significance.
Contact
Phone: (0384) 219 20 05