Grand Mosque of Diyarbakır
Southeastern Anatolia Region
The Great Mosque of Diyarbakır, also known locally as Diyarbakır Ulu Camii, is the oldest mosque in Anatolia and possibly the entire territory of modern Turkey. Constructed primarily in the late 11th century by the Seljuk sultan Malik-Shah I atop an older mosque, it is believed to stand on the historical site of a Roman forum and possibly a Byzantine church dedicated to Saint Thomas. The mosque's architecture shows strong influence from the Great Mosque of Damascus, reflecting the Seljuk sultan's desire to bring prestige to Diyarbakır. It can accommodate up to 5,000 worshippers and serves as a center for four Islamic traditions, highlighting its religious and cultural significance. Over the centuries, the mosque underwent restorations, especially after a fire in 1115, with inscriptions dating construction phases to 1091–1092 and later in the 12th century. Its minaret also bears inscriptions from 1141. The mosque remains a vital spiritual and historical landmark in Southeastern Anatolia, symbolizing the region's rich Islamic heritage and architectural continuity.
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Tip: Visitors are advised to explore the mosque during daylight hours to fully appreciate its architectural details and inscriptions. The best time to visit is outside of prayer times to respect worshippers and enjoy a more peaceful experience. It is recommended to check local schedules or contact the mosque administration via their official website to confirm visiting hours. Advance booking is generally not required, but group visits may benefit from prior arrangement. Modest dress is expected as it remains an active place of worship. Discounts or free entry may be available for students or groups, but visitors should inquire locally.
Interesting facts
- •The Great Mosque of Diyarbakır is considered the fifth holiest site in Islam after the Great Mosque of Damascus.
- •It can accommodate up to 5,000 worshippers, hosting four different Islamic traditions under one roof.
- •The mosque is built on the site of a Roman forum and possibly a Byzantine church dedicated to Saint Thomas.
- •Inscriptions on the mosque date back to 1091–1092, linking it directly to Seljuk sultan Malik-Shah I.
- •The mosque suffered severe damage from a lightning-induced fire in 1115 and was restored in the 12th century.
History
The site of the Great Mosque of Diyarbakır has a complex history dating back to the 7th century following the Muslim conquest of the city in 639.
Initially, a mosque was established possibly adjacent to or over a Byzantine church built by Emperor Heraclius in the 620s.
The current structure was commissioned by Seljuk sultan Malik-Shah I in 1091–1092, reflecting Seljuk architectural influence and the prestige of Damascus.
A fire in 1115 caused significant damage, prompting restoration efforts in the mid-12th century.
The mosque has since maintained its religious function and architectural prominence, symbolizing the Islamic heritage of the region.
Place Guide
Prayer Hall1091–1092
The main prayer hall features Seljuk architectural elements and inscriptions dating from the original 11th-century construction. It is the focal point for worshippers and reflects the mosque's historical significance.
Minaret1141
The mosque's minaret contains inscriptions dated 1141, indicating construction or restoration work during the 12th century. It is a prominent feature of the mosque's skyline and architectural identity.
