Roman Ruins of Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa
West Region
Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa was the Roman capital of the province of Dacia, established by Emperor Trajan after the conquest of the Dacians. Located in present-day Romania, about 40 km from the original Dacian capital Sarmizegetusa Regia, it served as a political, administrative, and military center of the Roman province. The site includes remains of a forum, amphitheater, temples, public baths, and residential buildings, reflecting typical Roman urban architecture and planning. Unlike the Dacian capital, which was a fortified mountain citadel, Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa was a planned Roman city built on a plain. It played a key role in consolidating Roman control over the region and facilitating Romanization. The archaeological site today offers insights into Roman urban life in Dacia and is a major tourist attraction with well-preserved ruins that illustrate the grandeur of Roman provincial capitals. The site also helps distinguish between the Dacian and Roman phases of the region's history, clarifying previous historical confusions.
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Tip: Visitors are advised to explore the site during spring and early autumn for pleasant weather and fewer crowds. Purchasing tickets in advance can help avoid lines, especially during the high season. Guided tours are recommended to fully appreciate the historical context and architectural features. Discounts may be available for students, seniors, and groups. Comfortable walking shoes are essential due to uneven terrain and extensive ruins.
Interesting facts
- •Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa was often confused with the Dacian capital Sarmizegetusa Regia, leading to historical misunderstandings.
- •The city was named after Emperor Trajan, whose family name was Ulpius, and the nearby river Sargetia.
- •The ruins include a well-preserved amphitheater capable of hosting thousands of spectators.
- •The site demonstrates the Roman practice of building new cities to consolidate control after conquest.
History
Following the Roman conquest of Dacia in the early 2nd century AD, Emperor Trajan founded Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa as the new provincial capital.
The city quickly developed into a major administrative and military hub, replacing the original Dacian capital Sarmizegetusa Regia.
Over time, the city flourished with typical Roman infrastructure such as forums, temples, and baths.
It remained significant until the Roman withdrawal from Dacia in the late 3rd century AD.
Subsequent centuries saw the site abandoned and partially buried until archaeological excavations revealed its importance.
Place Guide
Roman Forum2nd century AD
The central public square of the city, where political, religious, and social activities took place. It features remains of temples and administrative buildings.
Amphitheater2nd century AD
A large structure used for gladiatorial games and public spectacles, showcasing Roman entertainment culture.
Public Baths2nd century AD
Ruins of thermal baths reflecting Roman engineering and social customs.
Residential Quarters2nd century AD
Areas with remains of houses and workshops, providing insight into daily life of the inhabitants.
Contact
Phone: 0254 787 456
