Kakamega Forest
Western Kenya Region
Kakamega Forest, located in western Kenya near the Ugandan border, is the country's sole tropical rainforest and a rare remnant of the ancient Guineo-Congolian rainforest that once stretched across Africa. Spanning approximately 238 square kilometers, about half remains as indigenous forest, featuring a mosaic of grassy glades and dense woodland. The forest lies on undulating terrain between 1500 and 1600 meters elevation and forms part of the watershed for the Isiukhu and Yala rivers. Its rich biodiversity includes 380 plant species, such as Elgon teak and various orchids, alongside a remarkable variety of fauna including 367 bird species with some endemic to the forest. Mammals like bush pigs, primates, and occasionally leopards inhabit the area, while a diverse insect population adds to its ecological wealth. The forest experiences a wet climate with significant rainfall peaks in April-May and August-September, maintaining a stable temperature range between 20°C and 30°C. Conservation efforts have been ongoing since the forest's designation as a reserve in 1933, addressing pressures from local human populations relying on forest resources. Kakamega Forest offers visitors a unique glimpse into one of Africa's most important tropical ecosystems, known for its natural beauty and ecological significance.
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Tip: The best time to visit Kakamega Forest is during the drier months of January and February to avoid heavy rains. Visitors are advised to arrange guided tours to fully appreciate the forest's biodiversity and to secure entrance permits in advance where possible. Sustainable tourism practices are encouraged to help preserve the forest's delicate ecosystem. Discounts may be available for students or groups, so inquire ahead. Wear sturdy footwear and carry insect repellent due to the humid, insect-rich environment.
Interesting facts
- •Kakamega Forest is the only tropical rainforest in Kenya and the last remnant of the Guineo-Congolian rainforest in the country.
- •The forest hosts 367 bird species, including nine species found nowhere else.
- •It contains 60 species of orchids, nine of which are endemic to the forest.
- •Large mammals like African elephants and leopards were once present but are now rare or locally extinct.
- •The forest features numerous grassy glades whose origins may be linked to ancient human activity or large herbivores like buffalo and elephants.
History
Kakamega Forest was officially designated as a forest reserve in 1933 to protect its unique tropical ecosystem.
In 1967, the Isecheno and Yala nature reserves were established within its boundaries, followed by the creation of Kakamega National Reserve in 1985, which includes the northern portion of the forest and the Kisere Forest Reserve.
Over the decades, the forest has faced increasing pressure from local populations for resources such as firewood and medicinal plants, prompting conservation and sustainable management initiatives, including the BIOTA East project from 2001 to 2010.
Place Guide
Grassy Glades
Open clearings within the forest varying in size and structure, possibly formed by historical cattle grazing or movements of large mammals such as elephants and buffalo, offering unique habitats within the rainforest.
Birdwatching Sites
Key areas within the forest where bird enthusiasts can observe rare and endemic species including the Great blue turaco and black-and-white-casqued hornbill.
Flora Diversity Zones
Sections of the forest showcasing diverse plant life including Elgon teak, red and white stinkwood, and a rich variety of orchids and ferns, highlighting the forest's botanical richness.
Contact
Phone: 0726 951764
