Chartres Cathedral
Centre-Val de Loire
Chartres Cathedral, located in the heart of Chartres, France, is one of the finest and best-preserved examples of Gothic architecture in Europe. Constructed mostly between 1193 and 1250 on the site of a previous Romanesque cathedral destroyed by fire, it showcases remarkable medieval craftsmanship, especially its extensive original stained glass windows. The cathedral is renowned for its twin spires, visible for miles across the Beauce plain, and its harmonious architectural design that has undergone minimal changes since the early 13th century. It houses the revered relic known as the Sancta Camisa, believed to be the tunic worn by the Virgin Mary, making it a major Marian pilgrimage site. The cathedral’s crypt contains a statue of the Virgin and a historic well called the "Saints Forts" well, dating back to the Gallo-Roman period. The cathedral’s cultural and spiritual significance has inspired many writers and artists and earned it UNESCO World Heritage status. Despite wartime threats, it survived World War II largely intact due to the courageous actions of an American officer. Today, it remains a vibrant religious sanctuary and a cultural landmark welcoming visitors, pilgrims, and worshippers alike.
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Tip: To fully appreciate the cathedral, visit during weekdays or early mornings to avoid crowds. Consider purchasing tickets or joining guided tours in advance, especially during peak pilgrimage seasons. The cathedral offers various cultural events, including concerts and family-friendly visits. Discounts may be available for students, seniors, and groups. Check the official website for the latest schedules and special events before your visit.
Interesting facts
- •The cathedral contains nearly all of its original 13th-century stained glass windows, considered masterpieces of medieval art.
- •It houses the Sancta Camisa, a relic believed to be the tunic worn by the Virgin Mary, attracting pilgrims worldwide.
- •The cathedral’s two spires are of different styles: the north spire is a 16th-century Flamboyant Gothic addition, while the south spire is a simpler Romanesque design.
- •During World War II, an American officer, Colonel Welborn Barton Griffith Jr., risked his life to prevent the cathedral’s destruction by confirming it was free of German troops.
- •The "Saints Forts" well beneath the cathedral dates back to Gallo-Roman times and was historically a water source for the ancient settlement.
- •The cathedral inspired literary figures such as Joris-Karl Huysmans and Charles Péguy, highlighting its cultural influence.
History
The site of Chartres Cathedral has been a place of worship since ancient times, with origins tracing back to a Celtic druidic sanctuary and later a Roman temple.
The first Christian cathedral likely dates from the 6th century.
The current Gothic cathedral was built after a devastating fire in 1194 destroyed the previous Romanesque structure.
Construction began around 1205 and was largely completed within 66 years.
Over the centuries, additions such as the Chapel of VendĂ´me and the northern spire were added.
The cathedral was the site of the unique coronation of King Henry IV in 1594.
During World War II, it was threatened with destruction but was saved by an American officer who confirmed it was not occupied by German forces.
It has been a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1979, recognized for its architectural and cultural importance.
Place Guide
Nave and Choir1205-1260
The central part of the cathedral featuring soaring vaults and intricate stained glass windows that narrate biblical stories and medieval life.
Crypt and the "Saints Forts" WellRoman period origins, current crypt medieval
The crypt houses the revered statue of the Virgin and the ancient well believed to date back to Gallo-Roman times, significant for pilgrims and historians alike.
North Spire16th century
A striking Flamboyant Gothic spire added in the 16th century, contrasting with the simpler south spire and visible from great distances.
Chapel of VendĂ´meMedieval period, post-13th century
An addition to the cathedral showcasing later medieval architectural styles and serving as a site for special liturgical functions.
Contact
Phone: 02 37 21 59 08
