Isluga Volcano National Park
Tarapacá
Isluga Volcano National Park, located in Chile's Tarapacá Region, spans approximately 1,747 square kilometers of Andean highlands with elevations ranging from 2,100 to 5,550 meters. The park is named after the prominent Isluga Volcano, which reaches 5,550 meters and features permanently snow-capped peaks and fumarolic craters. The park's terrain includes other notable peaks such as Qinsachata Hill, Tatajachura Hill, and Catarama, all exceeding 5,200 meters. Its diverse ecosystems host typical high-altitude flora, including various cacti, queñoas, and llareta, as well as bofedales wetlands. The fauna is equally remarkable, with species such as vicuñas, guanacos, Andean condors, and the elusive Andean cat, which holds cultural significance for the Aymara people. The park preserves important Aymara cultural sites, including ceremonial towns like Isluga with its historic church, a declared national monument. Visitors can explore thermal fields like Puchuldiza with geysers and hot springs reaching temperatures up to 85°C. The landscape is characterized by scenic lagoons such as Arabilla and Parinacota, which support diverse birdlife including three species of flamingos. The park's remote location and high altitude require careful planning, but reward visitors with breathtaking natural beauty and a deep connection to indigenous heritage.
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Tip: Plan your visit carefully due to the park's remote location and high altitude (over 4000 meters). Protect yourself against altitude sickness and intense UV radiation by acclimatizing and using sunscreen. Fuel and food supplies are limited nearby, so bring essentials. The best visiting season is during the rainy season from December to March when temperatures are milder. Key attractions include the precordilleran villages of Chiapa and Jaiña, Arabilla lagoon, Suricayo viewpoint, and Enquelga hot springs. Advance ticket purchase is recommended where possible, and check local conditions before travel.
Interesting facts
- •Isluga Volcano is the highest peak in the park at 5,550 meters with permanent snow caps and fumarolic activity.
- •The park contains a geothermal field called Puchuldiza with geysers and hot springs reaching up to 85°C.
- •It hosts rare wildlife such as the Andean cat (Leopardus jacobita), one of the world's least studied and most elusive felines.
- •The park is a vital habitat for three species of flamingos and other unique high-altitude birds.
- •Aymara ceremonial towns like Isluga village include a historic church declared a national monument.
History
Established in 1967, Isluga Volcano National Park's current boundaries were defined in 1985.
The park protects a high Andean ecosystem and preserves the cultural heritage of the Aymara people, including ceremonial towns and historic religious sites.
Its volcanic peaks and geothermal features have been significant for centuries, with the Isluga Volcano itself being a landmark with active fumaroles.
The park's subsurface is protected for scientific mining interest, requiring presidential permits for exploration.
Over time, the park has remained a relatively remote and little-visited area, maintaining its pristine natural and cultural environment.
Place Guide
Isluga Village and Church18th century
A traditional Aymara ceremonial town within the park, featuring a historic church recognized as a national monument. It serves as a cultural hub where indigenous religious festivities are celebrated, reflecting the deep spiritual connection of the Aymara people to the land.
Puchuldiza Geothermal Field
A remarkable geothermal area with geysers and hot springs where water temperatures reach up to 85°C. The fumaroles are especially visible at dawn, and in winter, the hot waters freeze into spectacular ice formations.
Arabilla Lagoon
A scenic high-altitude lagoon known for its rich birdlife, including three species of flamingos. It is a vital ecosystem supporting diverse fauna and providing picturesque landscapes for visitors.
Qinsachata and Tatajachura Hills
Prominent volcanic peaks within the park rising above 5,200 meters, offering dramatic Andean vistas and significant geological interest.