Devils Tower National Monument
Wyoming
Devils Tower National Monument, located in northeastern Wyoming, is a prominent laccolithic butte rising 1,267 feet above the Belle Fourche River. This geological marvel is composed of phonolite porphyry, formed about 40.5 million years ago, characterized by its remarkable hexagonal columns that can reach up to 600 feet in height. The tower stands at an elevation of 5,112 feet above sea level and is surrounded by sedimentary rock formations dating back to the Triassic and Jurassic periods. Established in 1906 by President Theodore Roosevelt as the first U.S. national monument, Devils Tower holds deep cultural significance as a sacred site to several Northern Plains Indigenous tribes, including the Lakota, Cheyenne, and Crow, who refer to it by names such as Matȟó Thípila (Bear Lodge). The tower’s unique geology and imposing presence have inspired numerous geomyths and cultural stories. It also serves as a premier location for crack climbing enthusiasts due to its many parallel cracks. Visitors can explore the monument’s natural beauty, learn about its geological formation, and appreciate its cultural heritage within the 1,347-acre protected area.
Plan your trip to United States with AI
Create a detailed itinerary in minutes. AI suggests the best places, restaurants, and an optimized route.
Tip: The best time to visit Devils Tower is during late spring through early fall when weather conditions are favorable for hiking and climbing. Visitors are encouraged to purchase passes in advance, especially during peak seasons, to avoid delays. Respect for the site’s cultural significance is important; certain areas may have seasonal closures to honor Indigenous ceremonies. Climbing permits are required for those wishing to climb the tower. Early morning or late afternoon visits provide excellent lighting for photography and a quieter experience.
Interesting facts
- •Devils Tower is composed of hexagonal columns formed by cooling magma about 40.5 million years ago.
- •It was the first national monument designated in the United States, established in 1906 by President Theodore Roosevelt.
- •The tower rises 1,267 feet above the Belle Fourche River and stands 867 feet from base to summit.
- •Indigenous names for the tower include Matȟó Thípila (Bear Lodge) and Bear's House, reflecting its cultural significance.
- •The name 'Devils Tower' originated from a mistranslation during an 1875 expedition led by Colonel Richard Irving Dodge.
History
Devils Tower was designated as the first United States national monument on September 24, 1906, by President Theodore Roosevelt, highlighting its national importance.
The formation itself dates back approximately 40.5 million years, originating from igneous intrusions during the Paleocene Epoch.
Over time, erosion exposed the tower’s distinctive hexagonal columns.
The name "Devils Tower" arose from a mistranslation during an 1875 expedition, although Indigenous peoples have long held their own names and spiritual connections to the site.
Efforts to rename the monument to reflect Indigenous heritage have occurred but have not resulted in an official change.
Place Guide
Summit Area
The summit rises 867 feet above the base and offers panoramic views of the surrounding Black Hills and prairie landscape. It is accessible only to experienced climbers with permits.
Base Trail
A 1.3-mile trail encircles the base of the tower, providing close-up views of the columnar structure and opportunities to observe local flora and fauna.
Visitor Center
The Visitor Center offers educational exhibits on the geology, ecology, and cultural significance of Devils Tower, including information on Indigenous connections and climbing history.
Contact
Phone: (307) 467-5283
