Széchenyi Square
Baranya
Széchenyi Square, located in the historic center of Pécs, Hungary, is a vibrant cultural and administrative hub rich with history and architectural landmarks. Originally serving as the medieval marketplace with the city hall and parish church, it has evolved into a central square where twelve streets converge in a spoke-like pattern. The square's most prominent feature is the Mosque of Pasha Qasim, built from the stones of the former Gothic Saint Bertalan church during the Ottoman era, showcasing a unique blend of Eastern and Western architectural influences. Surrounding the mosque are significant monuments such as the bronze statue of János Hunyadi on horseback, the Trinity statue commemorating the end of a plague, and the Zsolnay well adorned with coats of arms. The Fatebenefratelli Church, with its eclectic facade and artistic baroque interior, adds to the square's historical depth. Renovated as part of the Pécs2010 European Cultural Capital project, the square hosts lively events including the annual Pécs Days festival, wine celebrations, and Christmas festivities, making it a dynamic place that connects the city's rich past with its contemporary cultural life.
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Tip: The best time to visit Széchenyi Square is during the annual Pécs Days festival in September when the square comes alive with wine tastings, harvest parades, and cultural events. Visitors are advised to explore the square on foot to fully appreciate its monuments and architecture. Purchasing tickets in advance is recommended for any indoor attractions or guided tours linked to the square. Seasonal events like the Christmas market provide a festive atmosphere and unique local crafts. The square is pedestrian-friendly following its renovation, enhancing the visitor experience.
Interesting facts
- •The Mosque of Pasha Qasim was built using stones from the demolished Gothic Saint Bertalan church.
- •The bronze statue of János Hunyadi was unveiled in 1956 on the 500th anniversary of his death.
- •The Trinity statue was originally built in 1714 to commemorate the end of a plague and was later replaced in 1908 due to deterioration.
- •Twelve streets converge into Széchenyi Square, making it a central urban hub.
- •During the Ottoman period, the square was known as Bazár tér and featured two Turkish wells.
- •The square was renovated extensively between 2008 and 2010 as part of the Pécs2010 European Cultural Capital project.
History
Széchenyi Square is situated on the northern edge of the ancient Roman town of Sopianae, with archaeological findings confirming continuous settlement since the 4th century.
Its prominence grew in the 13th century with the construction of the Saint Bertalan parish church, making it a key medieval urban space.
The square was a site of significant historical events, including royal assemblies and treaties in the 15th century.
The Ottoman conquest in 1543 transformed the square, replacing the church with the Mosque of Pasha Qasim and turning it into a bustling market under Turkish rule.
After the city's recapture, the square underwent reconstruction, with important monuments like the Trinity statue erected to commemorate the plague's end.
The square has continuously adapted, reflecting the layered history of Pécs.
Place Guide
Mosque of Pasha Qasim16th century
This central building of Széchenyi Square was constructed from the stones of the former Saint Bertalan church during the Ottoman occupation. It features a mihrab indicating the direction of Mecca and reflects a unique fusion of Gothic and Islamic architecture. The mosque's minaret was partially demolished in the 18th century, leaving only the basement intact.
Bronze Statue of János Hunyadi1956
A bronze equestrian statue of the Hungarian national hero János Hunyadi, sculpted by Pál Pátzy, stands prominently on a simple stone pedestal. It was inaugurated on August 12, 1956, marking the 500th anniversary of Hunyadi's death.
Trinity Statue1908 (current statue)
Originally completed in 1714 to commemorate the end of a plague, the baroque Trinity statue was replaced in 1908 by a new version sculpted by György Kiss due to deterioration. It stands in the middle of the square as a symbol of relief and gratitude.
Zsolnay WellEarly 20th century
Located on the southern part of the square, this four-meter-high well was designed by Andor Pilch and donated by Miklós Zsolnay. Water flows through ox heads into an arc-shaped basin, and the well is decorated with the coats of arms of the city and the Zsolnay family.
Fatebenefratelli Church1727-1731
Built between 1727 and 1731 with an eclectic facade, this church features a baroque Italian main altar painting depicting Saint Sebastian's martyrdom and frescos by Endre Graits. The interior was renovated in 1908, preserving its artistic wooden altars and sculptures.
