Hai Van Pass
South Central Coast Region
Hai Van Pass is a spectacular mountain pass stretching approximately 21 kilometers along National Route 1 in Vietnam. It traverses a spur of the Annamite Range, jutting into the South China Sea between the cities of Đà Nẵng and Huế, near Bạch Mã National Park. The pass is named after the misty clouds rising from the ocean, often obscuring visibility. Historically, it served as a significant physical and cultural boundary between the kingdoms of Champa and Đại Việt from 1306 until the Vietnamese conquest in 1471. The road is renowned for its challenging curves and stunning coastal vistas, making it a favorite among travelers and motor enthusiasts. The completion of the Hải Vân Tunnel, Southeast Asia's longest tunnel, has improved traffic flow and safety, though the old winding road remains popular for its scenic drive. The pass also marks a climatic divide, sheltering Đà Nẵng from northern winds, resulting in distinct weather patterns on each side. Despite its beauty, the pass has been the site of serious rail and air accidents, underscoring its historical reputation as a dangerous route. It remains a symbol of natural beauty and historical importance in Vietnam, attracting tourists eager to experience its dramatic landscapes and cultural legacy.
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Astuce: The best time to visit Hai Van Pass is during the dry season from April to September when visibility is clearer and the weather is pleasant. Visitors should consider using the Hải Vân Tunnel for safer and faster travel but take time to explore the old pass road for its breathtaking views. Advance planning is recommended for motorbike tours, and travelers should be cautious of fog and mist that can reduce visibility, especially in winter months. No specific ticket is required as it is a public road, but guided tours can enhance the experience. Discounts may be available for organized tours or group bookings.
Faits intéressants
- •Hai Van Pass is approximately 21 kilometers long and climbs to an elevation of 496 meters.
- •It forms a climatic boundary sheltering Đà Nẵng from cold northwestern winds, creating distinct weather on each side.
- •The pass was historically the border between the kingdoms of Đại Việt and Champa from 1306 to 1471.
- •It features in the BBC's Top Gear Vietnam Special, praised as one of the best coastal roads in the world.
- •The Hải Vân Tunnel, completed to improve safety and traffic flow, is the longest tunnel in Southeast Asia.
Histoire
Hai Van Pass has played a crucial strategic role throughout Vietnamese history, serving as a natural barrier between northern and central regions.
In the 1st century A.D., it marked the southern border of the Han empire under General Ma Yuan.
From 1306, it delineated the boundary between the kingdoms of Đại Việt and Champa until Đại Việt's invasion in 1471.
Over centuries, the pass has witnessed military significance and cultural exchanges.
The development of modern infrastructure, including the Hải Vân Tunnel and railway, has transformed it from a perilous route into a vital transport corridor while preserving its historical importance.
Guide du lieu
Old Hai Van Pass Road
This winding, scenic mountain road climbs to 496 meters, offering spectacular views of the South China Sea and surrounding mountains. It is famous for its challenging curves and misty conditions, making it a favorite route for adventurous drivers and motorcyclists.
Hai Van Tunnel2005
The Hải Vân Tunnel is the longest tunnel in Southeast Asia, built to improve traffic safety and reduce travel time between Đà Nẵng and Huế. It runs beneath the mountain pass, bypassing the old winding road.