Viminacium Archaeological Site
Braničevski okrug
Viminacium is a significant archaeological site located near Stari Kostolac in Serbia, representing a major Roman military camp and city from the 1st century AD until the early 7th century. It served as the capital of the Roman province of Moesia Superior and was one of the largest cities on the Balkans in its prime, with an estimated population of up to 40,000. The site includes remains of temples, streets, squares, an amphitheater, palaces, a hippodrome, and Roman baths spread over 450 hectares. Viminacium was a vital military and trade center due to its strategic location near the confluence of the Mlava and Danube rivers and on key Roman roads. The city was destroyed by the Huns in the 5th century, rebuilt by Emperor Justinian I, and finally destroyed during the Slavic migrations in the 6th century. Archaeological excavations have uncovered over 16,000 graves, the largest number found at any Roman site. Today, Viminacium offers unique insights into Roman provincial life and military history without the overlay of modern urban development, allowing comprehensive archaeological study and public presentation of the ancient city.
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Astuce: The best time to visit Viminacium is during the warmer months when outdoor exploration is comfortable. Visitors are advised to book guided tours or tickets in advance due to the site's popularity. Discounts may be available for students, seniors, and groups. Wear comfortable footwear suitable for walking on uneven archaeological terrain. The site is accessible by car from nearby Požarevac and Kostolac, and guided tours provide valuable historical context.
Faits intéressants
- •Viminacium had an amphitheater with a capacity of 12,000 spectators.
- •It is the site with the largest number of Roman graves discovered, over 16,000 as of 2023.
- •Emperor Septimius Severus proclaimed his son Caracalla as heir in Viminacium in 196 AD.
- •The city minted its own coins starting from 239 AD under Emperor Gordian III.
- •Viminacium's ruins cover approximately 450 hectares, making it one of the largest Roman archaeological sites in the Balkans.
Histoire
Viminacium was founded in the 1st century AD as a Roman military camp and evolved into a major city and provincial capital of Moesia Superior.
The first confirmed legion stationed there was Legio VII Claudia in 52 AD.
Under Emperor Hadrian, it gained city status and hosted hunting games.
The city flourished in the 2nd and 3rd centuries, becoming a Roman colony with minting rights.
It was a strategic military base during the Dacian Wars and later served as headquarters for several legions.
Viminacium was sacked by the Huns in the 5th century but rebuilt by Emperor Justinian I.
It was ultimately destroyed during the Slavic invasions in the 6th century and abandoned.
Systematic archaeological excavations began in the late 19th century and continue today, revealing a vast complex of urban and military structures.
Guide du lieu
Legionary Camp (Castrum)1st century AD
One of the two largest Roman fortifications in the province, serving as the military base for Legio VII Claudia and Legio IV Flavia Felix. The camp was central to the defense of the Danube frontier and included barracks, defensive walls, and gates.
Amphitheater3rd century AD
A large Roman amphitheater with seating for approximately 12,000 people, used for gladiatorial games and public events.
Roman City Ruins1st to 6th centuries AD
Extensive remains of streets, temples, squares, palaces, baths, and a hippodrome illustrating urban life in a Roman provincial capital.
Contact
Téléphone: 062 232209