Braga Cathedral
Braga
Braga Cathedral, known locally as Sé de Braga, is one of Portugal's most important religious monuments and the seat of the Archdiocese of Braga. Founded on the site of an ancient Roman market or temple, its origins date back to the 11th century when Bishop Pedro began construction after the bishopric's restoration in 1071. The cathedral was consecrated in 1089 and is the oldest Portuguese cathedral, predating the country's foundation. Architecturally, it is a unique blend of Romanesque, Gothic, Manueline, Moorish, and Baroque styles due to numerous modifications over centuries. Its Romanesque roots are visible in surviving sculptural details, while later additions include a Gothic entrance gallery and a Manueline main chapel. The cathedral houses significant artworks, such as the Gothic flame altar frontal by Mestre Machim and Flemish-style tombs, including that of Infante D. Afonso. It also contains two historic pipe organs from the 18th century. The cathedral plays a pivotal role in the religious and cultural life of Braga, hosting the Tesouro-Museu with sacred relics and artistic exhibitions. Its status as the primatial church of the Iberian Peninsula underscores its historical and ecclesiastical importance.
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Astuce: For visitors, the best time to explore Braga Cathedral is during weekdays to avoid crowds and to enjoy a peaceful visit. Advance purchase of tickets for the Tesouro-Museu and special exhibitions is recommended, especially during holiday seasons. The cathedral offers free entry to the Christmas nativity exhibitions and occasional cultural events. Visitors should check the official website for opening hours and special programs, such as the theatrical performances for children and solidarity campaigns. Guided tours are advised to fully appreciate the diverse architectural styles and rich history.
Faits intéressants
- •Braga Cathedral is the oldest cathedral in Portugal, consecrated in 1089.
- •The cathedral's architecture is a unique mix of Romanesque, Gothic, Manueline, Moorish, and Baroque styles.
- •It houses the tombs of Henrique de Borgonha and Teresa de León, parents of Portugal's first king, Afonso Henriques.
- •The cathedral contains the first rib vault constructed in Portugal, designed by João de Castilho.
- •It serves as the primatial church of the Iberian Peninsula, holding a special liturgy called the Braga liturgy.
- •The Tesouro-Museu within the cathedral holds a renowned collection of sacred relics, including a piece of the Virgin Mary's mantle.
Histoire
The Diocese of Braga is among the oldest in the Iberian Peninsula, dating back to the 3rd century AD.
The first bishop, according to tradition, was Saint Peter of Rates, appointed by Saint James the Great.
Braga became the Suebi Kingdom's capital in the early 5th century, with Bishop Martin of Dumio converting the Suebi to Catholicism.
The bishopric was lost during Moorish occupation but restored in the late 11th century, when Bishop Pedro began building the cathedral.
It was elevated to an archbishopric in 1107, gaining significant influence.
Construction spanned until the mid-13th century, initially in the Burgundian Romanesque style.
Subsequent centuries saw Gothic, Manueline, and Baroque modifications, reflecting changing artistic and religious trends.
The cathedral played a role in Portugal's independence, with its archbishops influencing royal affairs and papal recognition.
Guide du lieu
Western Façade12th century
Originally Romanesque, the western façade has mostly been replaced except for some archivolts and capitals decorated with animal and human reliefs, possibly illustrating moralistic tales like the Roman de Renart.
Main Nave and Interior11th-13th centuries
The cathedral features three naves with six sections, wooden roofing, a developed transept, and an apse surrounded by two smaller apsidioles. The altar is dedicated to the Virgin Mary, and much of the original Romanesque sculpture survives on portals and capitals.
Chapel of São Geraldo12th century (original), 15th century (rededication)
Originally dedicated to Saint Nicholas, this chapel was later rededicated to Archbishop Geraldo de Moissac, who was canonized. It features Baroque woodwork and azulejos attributed to António de Oliveira Bernardes.
Tesouro-Museu (Treasure Museum)18th century (building)
Located in the former chapter house, this museum houses sacred relics, religious artifacts, and hosts cultural exhibitions such as nativity scenes crafted by local artists. It serves as a center for both devotion and art appreciation.
Contact
Téléphone: 253 263 317
