Hoba Meteorite
Otjozondjupa
The Hoba Meteorite, located on the Hoba West farm near Grootfontein in Namibia's Otjozondjupa Region, is the largest known intact meteorite on Earth, weighing over 60 tonnes. It is a naturally occurring ferronickel mass composed of approximately 84% iron and 16% nickel, with traces of cobalt, classified as an ataxite iron meteorite of the IVB chemical class. The meteorite is notable for its flat shape on both major surfaces, a result of its atmospheric entry which slowed it to terminal velocity, causing minimal impact excavation. Discovered accidentally in 1920 by a farmer ploughing his field, it has remained at its original impact site due to its enormous size. Declared a national monument in 1955, the site now features a visitor center and seating area, attracting thousands of tourists annually. Despite past vandalism and specimen theft, the meteorite remains a significant natural and scientific landmark, symbolizing a 'gift' as its name means in the local Khoekhoegowab language. The site also reflects Namibia's history, with tourism development affected by regional conflicts until independence in 1990.
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Astuce: The best time to visit the Hoba Meteorite is during Namibia's dry season to enjoy clear weather and accessibility. Visitors are encouraged to book tours or tickets in advance through the official visitor center to avoid disappointment and help preserve the site. While the meteorite itself is free to view, guided tours may be available offering detailed scientific and historical insights. Respect for the site is paramount, as it is a protected national monument with restrictions on touching or removing any part of the meteorite.
Faits intéressants
- •Hoba is the largest known intact meteorite on Earth, weighing over 60 tonnes.
- •It is also the most massive naturally occurring piece of iron found on Earth's surface.
- •The meteorite is unusually flat on both major surfaces due to its atmospheric entry dynamics.
- •No crater was formed at the impact site, as the meteorite hit the ground at terminal velocity.
- •The name 'Hoba' means 'gift' in the Khoekhoegowab language.
- •A large specimen illegally cut from the meteorite in 1968 was sold at auction in 2021 for over $59,000.
Histoire
The Hoba Meteorite impacted Earth less than 80,000 years ago, landing with minimal excavation due to its slowed terminal velocity.
It was discovered in 1920 by Jacobus Hermanus Brits, who found it while ploughing his field.
The government declared it a national monument in 1955 to prevent relocation attempts and protect it.
The meteorite and surrounding land were donated to the Namibian state in 1987, followed by the establishment of a visitor center.
The site's tourism development was delayed by regional conflicts until Namibia's independence in 1990, after which it became a popular educational and tourist destination.
Guide du lieu
Main Mass of the Meteorite
The enormous tabular mass of the meteorite measuring approximately 2.7 by 2.7 by 0.9 meters, composed primarily of iron and nickel, is the centerpiece of the site. Visitors can observe its weathered surface and learn about its classification as an ataxite iron meteorite.
Visitor Centre and Circular Stone Seating Area1987
Constructed after the meteorite's donation to the government in 1987, the visitor center offers educational exhibits about the meteorite's history, composition, and significance. The circular stone area provides a place for rest and reflection overlooking the meteorite.
Contact
Téléphone: 081 146 0941
