Kuthodaw Pagoda
Mandalay
Kuthodaw Pagoda, located at the foot of Mandalay Hill in Myanmar, is a remarkable Buddhist stupa renowned for containing the world's largest book. Built during King Mindon's reign in the mid-19th century, the pagoda stands 188 feet tall and is modeled after the Shwezigon Pagoda near Bagan. The site features 729 stone inscription caves, each housing marble slabs inscribed on both sides with pages from the Tipitaka, the entire Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism. These slabs are arranged neatly in three enclosures, creating a unique open-air library of sacred texts. The main entrance is marked by massive teak doors intricately carved with floral and mythical motifs, leading to a covered approach adorned with frescoes. The grounds are shaded by mature star flower trees, which fill the air with a jasmine-like fragrance and provide a serene atmosphere for visitors and local families. Despite suffering desecration during British annexation in the late 19th century, extensive restoration efforts have preserved its cultural and spiritual significance. Kuthodaw Pagoda remains a vital pilgrimage site and a symbol of religious heritage and royal merit in Myanmar.
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Astuce: Visitors are advised to explore the pagoda complex during the cooler morning hours to enjoy the tranquil atmosphere and fragrant gardens. Purchasing tickets in advance is recommended during peak tourist seasons. Modest entrance fees often include access to the entire complex. Visitors should wear respectful attire and remove shoes before entering sacred areas. Guided tours can enrich understanding of the inscriptions and religious significance. Families often picnic under the star flower trees, offering a peaceful break during exploration.
Faits intéressants
- •Kuthodaw Pagoda contains 729 stone inscription caves, each with marble slabs inscribed on both sides, collectively forming the world's largest book.
- •The pagoda is modeled after the Shwezigon Pagoda near Bagan and stands 188 feet (57 meters) tall.
- •A very old tree within the complex is believed to be around 250 years old, supported by props to maintain its sprawling branches.
- •During British rule, the pagoda was looted of its precious metals, bells, and marble tiles, but was later restored by a committee including monks and former royal officers.
Histoire
Kuthodaw Pagoda was commissioned by King Mindon Min in 1857 as part of Mandalay's royal foundations and built between 1860 and 1868.
It was designed to preserve the Tipitaka in stone for posterity, intended to last five millennia.
The pagoda's umbrella crown was mounted in 1862, and the inscriptions were made public in 1868.
Following the British annexation of Mandalay in 1885, the site suffered looting and desecration, with precious metals and decorations stolen and structures damaged.
Restoration began in 1892, led by senior monks and royal family members, supported by original donors and the public to revive the pagoda's spiritual and cultural legacy.
Guide du lieu
Main Stupa1862
The gilded central stupa rises 188 feet and is modeled after the Shwezigon Pagoda, serving as the spiritual heart of the complex.
Stone Inscription Caves (Kyauksa Gu)1860-1868
729 small stupas arranged in three enclosures containing marble slabs inscribed with the entire Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism, known as the world's largest book.
Teak Entrance Doors1860s
Massive carved teak doors with floral designs, scrolls, and Deva Nats motifs mark the main southern entrance, leading to a covered approach with frescoes.
Star Flower Trees (Mimusops elengi)
Mature trees scattered among the inscription caves emit a jasmine-like fragrance, creating a serene and fragrant environment for visitors.
Ancient Tree on Southwest Terrace
A venerable tree believed to be 250 years old stands on the southwest inner terrace, its low spreading branches supported by wooden props to preserve its form.