Prasat Tao
Kampong Thum [Kâmpóng Thum]
Prasat Tao, also known as the Lions' Temple, is the central group within the Sambor Prei Kuk archaeological site located in Kampong Thom Province, Cambodia. Dating from the 9th century, it is part of a larger complex that served as the capital of the Chenla Kingdom, known as Isanapura, from the late 6th to the 9th century. The temple is distinguished by its brick construction with sandstone details, featuring lion sculptures that inspired its popular name. Sambor Prei Kuk comprises three main clusters-North, South, and Central-with Prasat Tao situated in the Central group, which is the newest and includes 18 temples now mostly in ruins. The architectural style reflects early Hindu influences, particularly the Hariharan and Sakabrahmana cults, blended with animist and Buddhist elements, marking a significant precursor to the later Khmer style seen in Angkor. The site is enveloped by mature subtropical forests, adding to its mystical atmosphere. Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2017, Prasat Tao and its surrounding temples offer an exceptional glimpse into early Khmer civilization and religious art, with features such as octagonal towers, shiva lingams, yonis, and intricate reliefs.
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Astuce: Visitors should plan to explore Sambor Prei Kuk during the dry season for comfortable weather and easier access. Booking guided tours or purchasing tickets in advance is recommended to fully appreciate the site's historical context. Be cautious of remaining unexploded ordnance in the area despite clearance efforts. Modest walking shoes are advisable due to uneven terrain. Discounts may be available for students and seniors.
Faits intéressants
- •Prasat Tao's name means 'Lions' Temple', inspired by the prominent lion sculptures at the site.
- •The temple complex features 11 unique octagonal towers, a rare architectural form with no known Indian precedent, symbolizing the flying palace of the god Indra.
- •Sambor Prei Kuk was the capital of the Chenla Kingdom before the rise of the Angkor Empire.
- •Inscriptions found at the site include some of the earliest Sanskrit and Old Khmer texts, referencing kings and religious activities.
- •The site was heavily bombed during the Vietnam War era and was mined, with clearance only completed in 2008.
Histoire
Sambor Prei Kuk was established as the capital city of the Chenla Kingdom under King Isanavarman I in the early 7th century, who constructed many temples including those in the North and South groups.
The Central group, including Prasat Tao, dates from the 9th century, representing a later phase of development.
The site witnessed political turmoil after the death of King Jayavarman I in the 8th century, leading to the fragmentation of the kingdom and the rise of Angkor.
In the 20th century, the area suffered damage from secret bombings during the Vietnam War era and was heavily mined, with clearance operations completed only in 2008.
The site's outstanding universal value was recognized when it was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2017.
Guide du lieu
Prasat Tao (Central Sanctuary)9th century
The main temple of the Central group, known for its lion sculptures that give the temple its name. It dates from the 9th century and features brick construction with sandstone detailing, embodying the unique Sambor Prei Kuk architectural style.
Prasat Sambor (Northern Group)7th century
The principal temple of the Northern group, dating from the 7th century and dedicated to the Hindu deity Shiva in his Gambhireshvara form. It is one of the oldest temples in the complex and reflects the early Chenla architectural style.
Prasat Yeah Puon (Southern Group)600-635 AD
A complex of 22 sanctuaries constructed in the early 7th century during the reign of King Isanavarman I, dedicated to Shiva. The Southern group is enclosed by two walls and showcases early Hindu architectural elements.