Azraq Wetland Reserve
Al Mafraq
Azraq Wetland Reserve, located in eastern Jordan, is a rare desert oasis spanning approximately 12 square kilometers. Established in 1978 by the Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature (RSCN), it serves as a critical habitat for migratory birds traveling between Africa and Europe. Historically fed by natural springs and aquifers, the wetlands have suffered severe ecological decline since the 1960s due to water extraction for Amman's growing population, leading to the drying of natural springs by 1992. Today, artificial springs are maintained to preserve the habitat and support the return of various bird species such as the hoopoe lark, marsh harrier, and desert finch. The reserve features a 1.5-kilometer raised Marsh Trail with a rustic bird hide for observation. Azraq also holds cultural and religious significance, being identified as a site visited by the last two surviving Three Kings according to mystic Anne Catherine Emmerich. Despite ongoing environmental challenges, the reserve remains an important ecological and tourist destination, with efforts to balance conservation and local community involvement.
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Astuce: Visit during the migratory seasons, typically spring and autumn, for optimal birdwatching. Booking tickets or tours in advance through the RSCN website is advisable. The reserve offers an ecological lodge nearby with accommodation and amenities. Visitors should be prepared for desert conditions and bring binoculars for birdwatching. Support conservation efforts by purchasing local products from the reserve's gift shop or by donating through official channels.
Faits intéressants
- •Azraq Wetland Reserve was once home to prehistoric megafauna such as the Syrian wild ass, wild camel, and Asiatic lion, all now extinct in the area.
- •The reserve serves as a critical stopover for over 280 recorded migratory bird species between Africa and Eurasia.
- •The natural springs that fed the wetlands dried up in 1992 due to over-extraction of groundwater for Amman's population.
- •Azraq provides drinking water for approximately one-quarter of Amman city.
- •The reserve includes a 1.5 km raised Marsh Trail with a mud-brick bird hide for observing wildlife.
Histoire
The Azraq Wetlands were formed around 250,000 BC, nourished by aquifers that sustained a rich ecosystem and served as a crucial crossroads for ancient trade routes and bird migrations.
In the 1960s, increased pumping of water to supply Amman led to the drying of natural springs by 1992, causing a drastic decline in wildlife and wetland size.
The Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature established the reserve in 1978 to protect the area, but water shortages and illegal wells continue to threaten its survival.
Efforts to maintain artificial water sources have partially restored the habitat, though it remains only a fraction of its original extent.
Guide du lieu
Marsh Trail
A 1.5-kilometer raised walkway through the reserve, allowing visitors to explore the wetland habitat and observe wildlife up close, including sections passing through reed beds.
Rustic Bird Hide
A mud-brick structure halfway along the Marsh Trail designed for discreet birdwatching, providing views over one of the reserve's lagoons.
Azraq Lodge1940s (building origin)
An eco-lodge maintained by RSCN located several kilometers from the wetlands, featuring accommodations in a restored 1940s British military hospital building, a restaurant, gift shop, and reception area.
Contact
Téléphone: (05) 383 5017