Mount Herzl
Yerushalayim
Mount Herzl, also known as Har ha-Zikaron (Mount of Remembrance), is Israel's national cemetery located on the western side of Jerusalem near the Jerusalem Forest. Named after Theodor Herzl, the founder of modern Zionism, it serves as the final resting place for many of Israel's prime ministers, presidents, and fallen soldiers. Herzl's tomb sits at the summit, marked by a simple black granite stone designed by Joseph Klarwein. The site also hosts Yad Vashem, the Holocaust memorial, nearby. Established as a national cemetery in 1949, Mount Herzl is a focal point for national commemorations and ceremonies, including Independence Day events. The military section was designed by architects Asher Hiram and Haim Giladi, featuring landscaped areas honoring Israel's war dead. The cemetery reflects Israel’s history and national identity, symbolizing remembrance and respect for those who shaped the nation.
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Astuce: The best time to visit Mount Herzl is during national memorial days or Independence Day ceremonies when the site is most active and meaningful. Visitors should consider purchasing tickets or arranging guided tours in advance for a richer experience. Modest dress is recommended due to the site's solemn nature. The site is accessible year-round, but spring and autumn offer comfortable weather for walking the grounds. Discounts may be available for groups or educational visits.
Faits intéressants
- •Mount Herzl is 834 meters (2,736 feet) above sea level, making it Jerusalem's tallest mountain.
- •Nearly 400,000 people attended Theodor Herzl's reburial ceremony in 1949.
- •The military section was designed by Hungarian-born architects Asher Hiram and Haim Giladi.
- •Five Israeli prime ministers are buried at Mount Herzl: Levi Eshkol, Golda Meir, Yitzhak Shamir, Yitzhak Rabin, and Shimon Peres.
- •The plaza around Herzl's tomb hosted the first Israeli Independence Day ceremony in 1950.
Histoire
Originally, Jewish burials were primarily on the Mount of Olives.
In 1934, Zionist leader Menahem Ussishkin attempted to establish a pantheon for Jewish leaders on Mount Scopus, but political changes made this impossible.
In 1949, Theodor Herzl's remains were transferred from Vienna and reburied on the hill now named after him.
That same year, soldiers fallen in the 1947–1949 Palestine war were interred on the north slope, formalizing the site as Israel’s national cemetery.
Over the decades, the cemetery expanded to include prime ministers, presidents, and other prominent figures, becoming the central place of national remembrance.
Guide du lieu
Theodor Herzl's Tomb1949
Located at the top of Mount Herzl, Herzl's tomb is marked by a simple black granite stone designed by Joseph Klarwein. It symbolizes the founder of modern Zionism and is a focal point for visitors paying respects.
National Civil Cemetery (Helkat Gedolei Ha'Uma)1952
This cemetery section on the southern slope is reserved for Israel’s national leaders and those who sacrificed their lives for the country. It includes graves of prime ministers, presidents, and notable Zionist figures.
Military Cemetery and MemorialsPost-1949
Designed and landscaped by architects Asher Hiram and Haim Giladi, this section honors Israeli soldiers who died in wars, featuring symbolic monuments and well-maintained grounds for remembrance ceremonies.