Hungarian Orthodox Synagogue of Miskolc
Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén
The Hungarian Orthodox Synagogue of Miskolc, also known as the Kazinczy Street Synagogue or Great Synagogue of Miskolc, is a significant Orthodox Jewish place of worship located in Miskolc, Hungary. Built between 1856 and 1862 based on designs by Ludwig Förster, it features Romanesque Revival and Rundbogenstil architectural styles, with Gothic Revival and Byzantine Revival decorative elements. The synagogue is distinguished by its three-aisled interior, a rose window on the façade, and slender iron pillars supporting the women's balcony, adorned with ornamental Eastern wall paintings by M. Horowitz. Originally, Förster introduced innovations such as an organ and relocating the Torah reader's platform before the Ark, which sparked controversy among the Orthodox community, leading to the removal of the organ and repositioning of the platform to the traditional center. The synagogue stands as the only remaining and still active synagogue in the Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, serving a diminished Jewish population after the devastation of the Holocaust. Its premises also include memorial tablets commemorating Holocaust victims, highlighting its cultural and historical importance. Despite temporary closure in 2013 due to structural concerns, renovation efforts began in 2017 to preserve this architectural and religious landmark.
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Astuce: Visitors are advised to check the synagogue's current opening status due to past closures for renovation. The best time to visit is during cultural or religious events when guided tours may be available. Advance inquiries or reservations can enhance the experience, and visitors should be respectful of the site's religious significance. Discounts may be available for groups or during special occasions.
Faits intéressants
- •The synagogue's design was inspired by Ludwig Förster's earlier work on the Leopoldstadt Synagogue in Vienna.
- •It was one of the few synagogues in Hungary to initially include an organ, which was unusual for Orthodox Jewish synagogues.
- •The synagogue's interior features ornamental Eastern motifs painted by artist M. Horowitz.
- •Miskolc had a Jewish population of approximately 10,000 in 1920, representing 16.5% of the city's population, most of whom were victims of the Holocaust.
- •Marble tablets at the synagogue's Déryné Street entrance commemorate Holocaust victims.
- •The synagogue was temporarily closed in 2013 due to structural safety concerns but renovation started in 2017 to preserve it.
Histoire
The synagogue was constructed between 1856 and 1862, designed by Ludwig Förster in a Neo-Romanesque Moorish style.
Initially, Förster incorporated modern elements such as an organ and relocating the Torah reading platform, which led to significant opposition from the Orthodox majority and the excommunication of the local rabbi.
This controversy caused a split in the Jewish community, with the Hasidic (Sefardic) group establishing a separate place of worship.
The Jewish population of Miskolc was substantial in the early 20th century but was drastically reduced during the Holocaust.
The synagogue has since remained the only surviving synagogue in the county and has undergone recent renovations to address structural deterioration.
Guide du lieu
Kazinczy Street Façade1856-1862
The synagogue's main façade on Kazinczy Street features a large arabesque rose window and narrow Gothic Revival arched windows, symbolizing its architectural blend of styles.
Interior and Women's Balcony1856-1862
Inside, the synagogue has a three-aisled layout supported by slender iron pillars decorated with Gothic and Byzantine motifs. The women's balcony is notable for its delicate ironwork and ornamental Eastern wall paintings by M. Horowitz.
Torah Reader's Platform and Ark1862
Originally placed before the Ark according to Förster's design, the Torah reader's platform was moved to the center following community opposition to maintain Orthodox tradition.
Holocaust Memorial TabletsPost-World War II
Marble tablets at the Déryné Street entrance commemorate the victims of the Holocaust from the Miskolc Jewish community, serving as a poignant reminder of the city's tragic history.
Contact
Téléphone: (06 46) 505 044