Chã das Caldeiras
Mosteiros
Chã das Caldeiras is a small community located within the volcanic crater of Pico do Fogo on Fogo Island, Cape Verde. Situated at approximately 1,700 meters elevation, it is the highest village in the country. The village comprises two main neighborhoods, Portela and Bangaeira, founded in the early 20th century. Its location inside a large caldera encircled by steep escarpments known as the Bordeira creates a dramatic natural amphitheater dominated by volcanic peaks and lava fields from recent eruptions. The area is part of the Fogo Natural Park, a protected region recognized for its unique volcanic landscape and rich endemic flora, including many rare and threatened plant species adapted to the caldera's climate and soils. Chã das Caldeiras is also notable as Cape Verde's only significant wine-producing region, with vineyards thriving in the fertile volcanic soils. Despite lacking running water and electricity, the community sustains itself through agriculture, rainwater collection, and a cooperative farmers association. The village has endured multiple volcanic eruptions, most notably in 1995 and 2014, which caused significant destruction and temporary evacuation of residents. Today, Chã das Caldeiras remains a remarkable blend of natural beauty, volcanic activity, and resilient human settlement, offering visitors a glimpse into life within an active volcanic environment.
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Tip: Visitors should plan to visit during the dry season (November to July) for easier access and better hiking conditions. Due to limited infrastructure, it is advisable to arrange accommodations and transportation in advance. Purchasing guided tours or park permits ahead of time can enhance the experience. Visitors should be prepared for basic amenities, as there is no running water or electricity, and bring appropriate gear for variable mountain weather. Exploring the vineyards and tasting local wines is a highlight. Check volcanic activity updates before visiting, as eruptions can impact accessibility.
Interesting facts
- •Chã das Caldeiras is Cape Verde's highest village at about 1,700 meters elevation.
- •It is the only area in Cape Verde producing export-quality wines due to its unique volcanic soils and climate.
- •The 2014 eruption destroyed approximately 75% of the buildings in the village's neighborhoods.
- •84% of Fogo Island's endemic plant species are found in Chã das Caldeiras and its surrounding Bordeira rim.
- •The Count of Montrond, who introduced vines in 1670, is an ancestor of many local inhabitants, some exhibiting European features such as blond hair and blue eyes.
History
The village of Chã das Caldeiras was established in the early 20th century, with its two main neighborhoods founded in 1917 and 1920.
Its viticulture roots trace back to 1670 when the Count of Montrond introduced vines to the island, initiating wine production.
The Count also contributed to infrastructure development, including roads and wells.
The community has experienced significant volcanic eruptions, notably in 1995 and 2014, with the latter destroying most buildings in the village and causing evacuation.
Despite these challenges, residents have gradually rebuilt parts of the village, maintaining its agricultural traditions and unique cultural identity.
Place Guide
Portela Neighborhood1917
One of the two main residential areas of Chã das Caldeiras, featuring traditional houses rebuilt after volcanic eruptions and surrounded by vineyards.
Bangaeira Neighborhood1920
The second primary settlement area within the caldera, known for its agricultural activity and community cooperative efforts.
Pico do Fogo Volcano
The central volcanic peak rising to 2,829 meters, dominating the caldera and providing hiking opportunities and spectacular views.
Bordeira Crater Rim
Steep escarpments approximately 1,000 meters high encircling the caldera, forming a natural amphitheater around the village.
