Basilica Cathedral of Arequipa

Arequipa

Located in the Plaza de Armas of Arequipa, Peru, the Basilica Cathedral of Arequipa serves as the primary Catholic church of the city and the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese. Its origins date back to 1540 when construction began alongside the city's founding. Built primarily with white volcanic ignimbrite stone called sillar and featuring brick vaults, the cathedral showcases a neoclassical architectural style with influences of Gothic and Renaissance elements. The cathedral's façade is adorned with seventy Corinthian columns, three portals, and two large arches, capped by two tall Renaissance-style towers. Inside, visitors find a Carrara marble altar and a remarkable French neogothic wooden pulpit carved by Buisine Rigot, depicting Christ defeating the serpent. The cathedral also houses one of South America's largest Belgian organs and valuable gold and diamond reliquaries. Throughout its history, the cathedral has endured multiple earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and a devastating fire in 1844, after which it was reconstructed by architect Lucas Poblete in 1868. Its design incorporates three naves forming a Latin cross floor plan, equal-height interior naves characteristic of the hall type, and an atomization principle where architectural elements maintain independent identities. This combination creates a unique and visually striking religious monument that remains a central cultural and spiritual symbol in Arequipa.