Ulleungdo Island
Gyeongsangbuk-do
Ulleungdo Island is a volcanic island located 120 kilometers east of the Korean Peninsula in the Sea of Japan. It is the remnant of a large stratovolcano, featuring steep rocky cliffs and reaching a peak elevation of 984 meters at Seonginbong Peak. The island spans approximately 9.5 by 10 kilometers with an area of 72.86 square kilometers and hosts a population of around 10,426 residents. Ulleungdo is notable for its unique double volcano structure, including the Nari Basin caldera and the Albong secondary volcanic cone. The island's climate is humid subtropical, with heavy rainfall and mild temperatures influenced by oceanic currents. Its biodiversity is rich, with endemic species such as the rowan tree Sorbus ulleungensis and the beech tree Fagus multinervis. Historically, Ulleungdo was inhabited since at least the 1st millennium BC and was incorporated into Korean states from the Silla period onward. The island has witnessed pirate raids, territorial disputes, and a historical "empty-island" policy during the Joseon dynasty. Today, it is a popular tourist destination celebrated for its natural beauty, fishing culture, and protected marine ecosystem.
Plan your trip to Korea, South with AI
Create a detailed itinerary in minutes. AI suggests the best places, restaurants, and an optimized route.
Tip: Visitors are advised to plan trips during late spring to early autumn for favorable weather and to enjoy the island's natural beauty. Booking ferry tickets in advance is recommended due to limited schedules and demand. Discounts may be available for groups or seniors. Exploring the Nari Basin and hiking Seonginbong Peak are highlights. Be prepared for variable weather and bring suitable gear for hiking and coastal activities.
Interesting facts
- •Ulleungdo is the top of a large stratovolcano rising from the seafloor, with a unique double volcano structure formed by a caldera and a secondary volcanic cone.
- •The island's endemic tree species include Sorbus ulleungensis and Fagus multinervis, the latter confirmed as distinct by genetic analysis in 2024.
- •Historically, American whaleships hunted North Pacific right whales near Ulleungdo between 1848 and 1892.
- •The island was historically known in Europe as Dagelet Island or Argonaut Island.
- •Ulleungdo's Nari Basin is the island's only flat surface and a rare example of a caldera floor formed by volcanic collapse and activity.
History
Archaeological evidence suggests human presence on Ulleungdo since the 1st millennium BC.
The island was first documented in 512 AD when Silla's General Kim Isabu conquered the autonomous Usan-guk.
It became a permanent part of Korea under the Goryeo dynasty in 930.
Throughout its history, Ulleungdo faced attacks from Jurchen and Wokou pirates and was subject to territorial disputes with Japan in the 17th century.
To counter these threats, the Joseon dynasty implemented an "empty-island" policy in the early 15th century, forcibly relocating inhabitants, which was later rescinded in 1881 to encourage resettlement.
In modern times, the surrounding waters were designated a marine protected area in 2014 to preserve its rich biodiversity.
Place Guide
Seonginbong Peak
The highest point on Ulleungdo at 984 meters, offering panoramic views of the island and surrounding sea. It is the summit of the island's stratovolcano and a popular hiking destination.
Nari Basin
A caldera floor formed by the collapse of the central volcano, the Nari Basin is Ulleungdo's only flat area and features fertile soil, making it unique among volcanic islands.
Dodong Port
The main ferry port on Ulleungdo, serving as the primary connection point between the island and South Korea's mainland, facilitating tourism and trade.