Villa Tugendhat (Vila Tugendhat)
Jihomoravský kraj
Villa Tugendhat is an architecturally significant building located in Brno, representing one of the pioneering prototypes of modern architecture in Europe. Designed by the renowned German architects Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich, it stands as a prime example of early functionalism and the "less is more" philosophy. The free-standing three-story villa is built on a slope facing south-west, utilizing a revolutionary iron framework that eliminated the need for traditional supporting walls. This structural innovation allowed for an unprecedented feeling of space and light within the interior. The main living area features a stunning curtain wall with massive windows that frame a panoramic view of Špilberk Castle. Instead of traditional paintings or decorative items, the interior derives its beauty from naturally patterned, luxurious materials such as rare tropical woods and a magnificent onyx wall. The villa was also equipped with highly advanced technology for its time, including an ultra-modern air-conditioning system and a mechanism that lowers entire glass panels into the floor. Today, it is recognized globally as an icon of modernism and holds a prestigious place on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
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Tip: To fully appreciate the unique architectural features, try to time your visit for the late afternoon. When the evening sun is low, the famous onyx wall in the main living area becomes partially translucent, creating a spectacular visual effect.
Zajímavosti
- •Two of the massive living room windows can be completely lowered into the floor using a special mechanism built into the basement, much like in an automobile.
- •The iconic Tugendhat chair and Brno chair were specifically designed for this building by Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich, and are still in production today.
- •The basement includes a 'Mottenkammer', a dedicated moth-resistant storage room specifically designed for keeping fur coats.
- •The villa featured an ultra-modern air-conditioning system, which was highly unusual for a residential family home in the 1920s.
Historie
The villa was commissioned by Fritz and Greta Tugendhat, members of a wealthy Jewish Czech family, and constructed between 1928 and 1930 by the company of Artur and Moritz Eisler.
The family lived in their dream home for only eight years before being forced to flee Czechoslovakia in 1938 to escape Nazi persecution.
In 1939, the property was confiscated by the Gestapo and used as an apartment and office, leading to the loss of many original interior pieces.
During World War II, specifically in 1942, the house was rented out as offices for the Nazi Messerschmitt aeroplane works, with Willy Messerschmitt himself maintaining an apartment in the building.
Průvodce po místě
The Main Living Area1930
The heart of the villa, featuring an open-plan design made possible by the revolutionary iron framework. It boasts a curtain wall of glass framing views of Špilberk Castle, with two windows that can be fully retracted into the floor.
The Onyx Wall1930
A stunning dividing wall in the main living area made of brown-gold onyx. Mies van der Rohe personally supervised the cutting and finishing of the stone.
The Basement and Service Areas1930
The lower-ground level houses the villa's ultra-modern technological facilities, which were highly unusual for a family home of that era.
Kontakt
Telefon: 515 511 015