Tswapong Hills
Central
The Tswapong Hills are a distinctive mountain range located in Botswana's Central District, rising 300 to 400 meters above the surrounding hardveld plateau. Geologically akin to the Waterberg Massif, these flat-topped hills are notable for their porous rock cliffs that absorb rainwater, feeding permanent cascades and pools such as those in Phothophotho Gorge. The range's Moremi Gorge is a spectacular natural attraction drawing visitors to its dramatic scenery. The hills support a richer moisture environment compared to the surrounding Mopane woodland, fostering diverse wildlife including vulnerable cape vultures, leopards, brown hyenas, and endemic butterfly species. Several villages, including Moeng, Letsheng, and Maunatlala, are situated within or near the hills, with historical significance tied to the former Ngwato Kingdom's capital at Old Palapye. Although not a protected area, the Tswapong Hills are ecologically important, serving as a breeding site for rare species and offering a unique blend of natural beauty and cultural heritage.
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Tip: Visitors should plan to visit during the rainy season when waterfalls and cascades are most impressive. Booking guided tours locally can enhance the experience by providing insights into the area's ecology and history. Since the area is not formally protected or heavily commercialized, visitors should prepare for basic facilities and consider arranging transport in advance. No formal ticketing is required, but respecting local communities and wildlife habitats is essential.
Interesting facts
- •The Tswapong Hills serve as one of only two breeding sites in Botswana for the vulnerable cape vulture.
- •The hills feature permanent waterfalls formed by rainwater seeping through porous rock cliffs, a rare phenomenon in the region.
- •Two butterfly species endemic to the Tswapong Hills have been identified, highlighting the area's unique biodiversity.
- •The Moremi Gorge is a key natural attraction within the hills, known for its dramatic scenery and rock formations.
History
The Tswapong Hills have long been significant in Botswana's history, notably as the site of Phalatswe (Old Palapye), the former capital of the Ngwato Kingdom.
Over centuries, the hills have served both as a natural refuge and a cultural heartland for local communities.
While the geological formation dates back millions of years, human habitation and use of the area have evolved, with villages like Moeng and Letsheng developing amidst the hills.
Despite their historical importance, the hills remain largely natural and unprotected, preserving their ecological and cultural legacy.
Place Guide
Moremi Gorge
A spectacular gorge within the Tswapong Hills known for its dramatic cliffs, permanent waterfalls, and scenic beauty, making it a prime spot for nature lovers and photographers.
