Gezira Scheme
Al Jazīrah
The Gezira Scheme is a major irrigation project located in Al Jazirah state, Sudan, situated between the Blue Nile and White Nile rivers. Established in 1925, it was designed to promote cotton farming through the construction of the Sennar Dam and an extensive network of irrigation canals. This project transformed the region into Sudan's primary agricultural hub, cultivating over 10,000 square kilometers. Originally a semi-private initiative, it was nationalized by the government in 1950, leading to increased cotton production in the 1970s. However, by the 1990s, wheat farming had replaced a significant portion of cotton cultivation. The scheme plays a vital role in the local economy and food production. The region also has a rich historical background, having been part of the Kingdom of Kush and the Funj Sultanate. The Gezira Scheme remains a symbol of agricultural innovation and development in Sudan.
ヒント: Visitors interested in the Gezira Scheme should consider touring during the dry season for better access and clearer views of the irrigation infrastructure. Prior arrangements or guided tours might be necessary due to its agricultural and infrastructural nature. There are no specific ticketing requirements, but connecting with local agricultural offices or guides can enhance the experience. Be mindful of the ongoing regional conflicts which might affect travel safety and accessibility.
興味深い事実
- •The Gezira Scheme covers over 10,000 square kilometers, making it one of the largest irrigation projects globally.
- •The project was instrumental in transforming Sudan into a major cotton producer during the mid-20th century.
- •The name 'Gezira' means 'island' in Arabic, referring to the land between the Blue and White Nile rivers.
- •The scheme was nationalized in 1950, shifting from semi-private to government control.
- •Recent conflicts in Sudan have impacted the region, including control shifts during the War in Sudan beginning in 2023.
歴史
The Gezira region was historically part of the Kingdom of Kush and later the Funj Sultanate.
The Gezira Scheme was launched in 1925 to develop cotton farming, coinciding with the construction of the Sennar Dam and irrigation canals.
Initially semi-private, the project was nationalized in 1950.
Cotton production peaked in the 1970s but declined by the 1990s as wheat cultivation expanded.
The area has also experienced recent conflicts, notably the War in Sudan starting in 2023, which caused significant disruption and displacement.
