Batu Bersurat Terengganu
Pahang
The Terengganu Inscription Stone, locally known as Batu Bersurat Terengganu, is a granite stele inscribed with Classical Malay text written in Jawi script. Discovered in 1887 near the Tersat riverbank in Kuala Berang, Terengganu, Malaysia, it is dated to 702 AH (1303 CE) or possibly 789 AH (1387 CE). This artifact represents the earliest evidence of Jawi writing in the Malay world and one of the oldest attestations of Islam as a state religion in Southeast Asia. The inscription contains a proclamation by a ruler known as Seri Paduka Tuan, urging his subjects to uphold Islam and outlining ten basic Sharia laws. The stone was initially used as a stepping stone in a local surau before being recognized for its historical importance and relocated multiple times, including to the Raffles Museum in Singapore and the National Museum of Malaysia. It was finally returned to Terengganu and is now displayed at the Terengganu State Museum. The stone's text reflects the cultural transition from Hinduism to Islam, retaining some Sanskrit terms as a testament to the region's past. In 2009, UNESCO inscribed the stone in the Memory of the World International Register, recognizing its significance as a cultural heritage artifact. The stone also highlights the flourishing maritime trade and the spread of Islamic literacy in the region during the 14th century.
ヒント: Visitors should aim to visit the Terengganu State Museum where the stone is displayed. The best time to visit Terengganu is during the dry season from March to October to avoid heavy rains. It is advisable to check museum opening hours in advance and consider guided tours for deeper understanding. While no specific ticket discounts are detailed, visitors may inquire locally about concessions. Booking tickets ahead is generally not required but can enhance the experience during peak tourist seasons.
興味深い事実
- •The Terengganu Inscription Stone is the earliest known evidence of Jawi script in Southeast Asia.
- •It contains one of the oldest proclamations of Islam as a state religion in the Malay world.
- •The inscription includes ten basic Sharia laws guiding the local population.
- •The stone was used as a stepping stone in a surau before its historical significance was recognized.
- •UNESCO added the stone to the Memory of the World International Register in 2009, making it Malaysia's fourth item on the list.
- •The inscription still contains Sanskrit terms, reflecting the region's Hindu past.
- •The stone was transported on a raft from Kuala Berang to Kuala Terengganu after its discovery.
歴史
The Terengganu Inscription Stone was discovered in 1887 after floodwaters receded at the Tersat riverbank in Kuala Berang.
Initially used as a stepping stone at a local surau, it was recognized for its historical significance in 1902 by a nobleman and a tin prospector who transported it to the Sultan of Terengganu.
The stone was placed on Bukit Puteri hill near the royal palace and later photographed and studied by British officials in the early 20th century.
It was loaned to the Raffles Museum in Singapore in 1923 and returned to Malaysia in 1960.
After prolonged lobbying by the Terengganu state government, the stone was repatriated to Terengganu in 1991 and is now housed in the state museum.
The inscription dates to either 1303 or 1387 CE, with scholarly debate favoring the earlier date based on linguistic and calendrical analysis.
場所ガイド
The Inscription Stone1303
The granite stele bearing the Classical Malay inscription in Jawi script is the centerpiece artifact. It records a royal proclamation urging the practice of Islam and outlines ten Sharia laws, symbolizing the Islamisation of Terengganu.