Basilica of San Gavino
Sardegna
The Basilica of San Gavino, located in Porto Torres, Sardinia, is a prime example of proto-Romanesque architecture and the largest Romanesque church on the island. Originally a cathedral and now a parish church, it serves as a significant site for the veneration of local martyrs, including Saint Gabinus. The church was founded in the early 11th century by Gonario I, the giudice of Torres and Arborea, with construction continuing under his son Barisone I. It was inaugurated in 1080 by Judike Marianus I and Archbishop Constantine of Castra. Architecturally, the basilica features a rectangular plan with two opposing apses, a rare characteristic. Its exterior is decorated with blind columns and Lombard bands, while the interior boasts a nave and two aisles separated by rounded arches supported by ancient gray marble and pink granite columns, many with Roman capitals. The high altar is located in the southwestern apse, and the opposite apse houses a 17th-century wooden catafalque with polychrome statues of martyrs. The crypt contains ancient Roman sarcophagi with remains attributed to the martyrs of Torres. The basilica also exhibits Catalan-Gothic elements added during a 15th-century restoration. Its historical and religious significance, combined with architectural uniqueness, makes it a compelling destination for visitors interested in medieval Sardinian heritage.
ヒント: Visitors should consider visiting the basilica during weekdays to avoid crowds and enjoy a more contemplative experience. It is advisable to check opening hours in advance via the official website or phone, especially during religious holidays. Tickets can sometimes be purchased on-site, but pre-booking through the official website may offer convenience. Discounts may be available for students, seniors, and groups. Comfortable footwear is recommended due to the basilica's size and surrounding archaeological area.
興味深い事実
- •The basilica is the largest Romanesque church in Sardinia.
- •It uniquely features two apses on opposite ends of its rectangular plan, a rare architectural trait.
- •Many of the columns inside are spolia from ancient Roman buildings, featuring Roman capitals.
- •The crypt houses ancient Roman sarcophagi containing the remains of local martyrs Gabinus, Protus, and Ianuarius.
- •The main entrance portal is a 15th-century Catalan Gothic addition, notable for its angelic capitals holding coats of arms.
歴史
Porto Torres, historically known as Turris Libisonis, was a bishopric seat from the 3rd century until 1441, when the see moved to Sassari.
The Basilica of San Gavino was founded in the early 11th century by Gonario I, commissioned to Pisan masters, and inaugurated in 1080.
It was built over a site with earlier Paleo-Christian basilicas and a necropolis dating from the 5th to 7th centuries, including the tomb of Saint Gabinus.
The 15th-century restoration introduced Catalan-Gothic elements, and in the 17th century, the crypt was renovated to house relics of local martyrs discovered in 1614.
場所ガイド
Main Entrance Portal15th century
The southern entrance features a 15th-century Catalan Gothic portal with a rounded arch supported by columns whose capitals depict angels holding coats of arms, exemplifying the blend of Romanesque and Gothic styles.
Nave and Aisles11th century
The interior consists of a wide nave flanked by two aisles separated by rounded arches supported by twenty-two ancient columns made of gray marble and pink granite, many with Roman capitals. The nave is three times wider than the aisles and has a wooden truss ceiling, while the aisles feature cross vaults.
Twin ApsesOriginal 11th century; catafalque 17th century
The basilica has two apses on opposite shorter sides of the rectangular plan, a rare architectural feature. The southwestern apse holds the high altar, while the opposing apse contains a 17th-century wooden catafalque with polychrome statues of martyrs Gabinus, Protus, and Ianuarius.
Crypt and Anti-CryptRenovated 17th century
The crypt houses ancient Roman sarcophagi containing the remains of local martyrs discovered in 1614, while the Renaissance-style anti-crypt features statues of the martyrs, reflecting the basilica's religious significance.
連絡先
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