Zadar Cathedral
Zadarska županija
Zadar Cathedral, also known as the Cathedral of St. Anastasia, is the largest Romanesque church in Dalmatia, Croatia. Constructed primarily during the 12th and 13th centuries, it stands on the site of an earlier early Christian basilica dating back to the 4th or 5th century. The cathedral is renowned for its monumental interior, featuring a central nave three times wider than the side aisles, separated by stone pillars and pilasters. Beneath the elevated presbytery lies a 12th-century crypt housing the sarcophagus of St. Anastasia (locally known as Stošija), whose relics were brought to Zadar by Bishop Donat in the early 9th century. The richly decorated choir stalls in floral Gothic style were crafted by Matej Morozan in the 15th century. The cathedral facade, completed in 1324, displays harmonious horizontal and vertical lines with symbolic sculptures of evangelists and saints. The bell tower was built in two phases, with the lower levels dating to 1452 and the upper levels added between 1890 and 1894 by English architect Thomas Graham Jackson. The cathedral also houses notable altars, fresco remnants, and a 6th-century hexagonal baptistery, restored as a facsimile in 1989 after wartime destruction. The cathedral remains an active place of worship and a significant cultural monument, visited by popes and pilgrims alike.
ヒント: Visit Zadar Cathedral in the morning to avoid crowds and experience the peaceful atmosphere. Consider purchasing tickets in advance during peak tourist seasons. The cathedral offers spiritual services on weekdays and weekends, with multiple Sunday masses. Visitors can explore the crypt and bell tower; guided tours may enhance the experience. Discounts are typically available for students, seniors, and groups. Check the official website for updated mass schedules and special events.
興味深い事実
- •The sarcophagus of St. Anastasia, dating from the 9th century, is housed in the cathedral's northern apse and is considered a treasured relic.
- •The bell tower's upper floors, added in the late 19th century, were designed by the English architect Thomas Graham Jackson, inspired by the bell tower in Rab.
- •The original hexagonal baptistery from the 6th century was destroyed during World War II bombings and meticulously reconstructed as a facsimile in 1989.
- •The choir stalls in the presbytery are crafted in floral Gothic style by Matej Morozan between 1418 and 1450.
- •The cathedral facade features symbolic sculptures of a lion and an ox, representing the evangelists Mark and Luke.
歴史
The origins of Zadar Cathedral trace back to an early Christian basilica from the 4th or 5th century.
It was dedicated initially to St.
Peter before being renamed after St.
Anastasia when her relics were brought to Zadar by Bishop Donat around 804.
The cathedral suffered significant damage during the Venetian siege in 1202 but was rebuilt throughout the 13th century, with its consecration in 1285.
The facade was completed in 1324, showcasing late Romanesque style.
The bell tower was constructed in stages, starting in 1452 and completed in the late 19th century by Thomas Graham Jackson.
The cathedral has witnessed papal visits, including Pope Alexander III in 1177 and Pope John Paul II in 2003, underscoring its religious importance.
場所ガイド
Crypt of St. Anastasia12th century
Located beneath the elevated presbytery, this 12th-century crypt houses the sarcophagus containing the relics of St. Anastasia, the cathedral's patron saint. It is a spiritual and historical focal point of the cathedral.
Main Nave and Choir Stalls1418–1450
The cathedral's central nave is three times wider than the side aisles, separated by alternating stone pillars and pilasters. The choir stalls in floral Gothic style were created by Matej Morozan in the early 15th century, showcasing exquisite medieval woodwork.
Facade and Portals1324
Completed in 1324, the facade exhibits a perfect harmony of horizontal and vertical lines, adorned with late Romanesque portals. The main portal lunette depicts the Virgin Mary with Child, flanked by St. Anastasia and St. Chrysogonus. Sculptures of four apostles are embedded in the portal's reliefs.
Bell Tower1452 and 1890–1894
Constructed in two phases, the lower levels date from 1452, while the upper floors were added between 1890 and 1894 by English architect Thomas Graham Jackson. The tower culminates in an octagonal pyramid topped with a copper angel statue.
Hexagonal Baptistery6th century (original), 1989 (reconstruction)
Originally from the 6th century, the baptistery was destroyed during World War II bombings and faithfully reconstructed in 1989. It adjoins the southern side of the cathedral and represents early Christian architecture.
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