Maras Salt Mines
Cusco
The Maras Salt Mines, located in the Sacred Valley near Cusco, Peru, are a remarkable network of thousands of small salt evaporation ponds dating back to pre-Hispanic times. Situated at an elevation of approximately 3,200 meters, these pools are fed by a natural salty spring, and salt is harvested by evaporating the water, leaving behind crystallized salt. The site has been continuously used since the Early Horizon period, with archaeological evidence of ceramic fragments from Chanapata, Killke, and Inca cultures found nearby. Historically, the mines were controlled by descendants of Inca nobility during the colonial era, with ownership shifting to private hands in the 19th century, and later returning to local community control in the late 20th century. Today, around 400 families manage the salt wells through a cooperative, preserving traditional methods of salt extraction. The salt contains various minerals beyond sodium chloride, including calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, and copper. The mines are not only a vital economic resource but also a striking visual landscape, attracting photographers and visitors worldwide. In 2019, efforts began to nominate the site for UNESCO World Heritage status, recognizing its cultural and historical importance.
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Consejo: The best time to visit the Maras Salt Mines is during the dry season from April to September, when the weather is sunny and evaporation is optimal for salt crystallization. Visitors are advised to arrive early in the day to avoid crowds and to bring sun protection due to the high altitude and strong sunlight. It is recommended to purchase tickets in advance where possible and consider guided tours that include nearby attractions such as the Moray archaeological site. Local cooperatives manage the site, and visitors can support the community by purchasing salt products directly from them. Comfortable walking shoes are advised as the terrain includes uneven paths and terraces.
Datos interesantes
- •The salt ponds number approximately 3,000 individual pools, each about 5 square meters in area.
- •Salt extraction here uses traditional methods dating back over a thousand years, relying on natural evaporation.
- •The salt contains beneficial minerals such as calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, and copper, in addition to sodium chloride.
- •The site is located at an altitude of about 3,200 meters (10,500 feet) above sea level.
- •In 2019, the Peruvian government initiated the process to nominate the salt mines as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Historia
The Maras Salt Mines have origins dating back to the Early Horizon period, with archaeological findings indicating continuous use through the Inca era and beyond.
In the 16th century, ownership was held by descendants of Inca nobility, as documented by colonial land assessments following a Royal Decree in 1591.
Control of the mines shifted to private individuals in the 19th century, leading to disputes.
In 1969, the Peruvian government took over salt extraction, but by 1980 local communities regained control through the cooperative Marasal S.A., which manages the salt wells today.
Recent efforts aim to recognize the mines as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, highlighting their enduring cultural significance.
Guía del lugar
Salt Evaporation Ponds
Thousands of small terraced pools carved into the mountainside where salty water from a natural spring is channeled. The water evaporates, leaving crystallized salt to be harvested by local families.
Contacto
Teléfono: 984 940 670