Ankara Castle
Central Anatolia Region
Ankara Castle, located in the Altındağ district of Ankara, Turkey, is an ancient fortification with origins dating back to the 8th century BC when the Phrygians first built fortifications on the site. Throughout history, it has been rebuilt and renovated by successive civilizations including the Galatians, Romans, Byzantines, Seljuks, and Ottomans. The castle consists of an inner and outer line of walls with numerous towers, enclosing an area approximately 350 by 150 meters. Its architecture features reused masonry from earlier Roman monuments, including marble blocks and column capitals. The inner castle, or citadel, sits on a hill about 110 meters high and includes two main gates, with inscriptions from the Ilkhanids and Seljuk periods. The fortress not only served defensive purposes but also became a cultural hub, hosting various festivals annually. Its strategic location overlooking the city and the surrounding plains emphasizes its historical role as a protective stronghold and a symbol of Ankara's long-standing urban heritage.
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Tipp: The best time to visit Ankara Castle is during spring and autumn when the weather is mild, enhancing the panoramic views of Ankara. Visitors are advised to purchase tickets in advance during festival seasons to avoid long queues. The castle grounds host cultural events, so checking the official website for event schedules can enrich your visit. Comfortable walking shoes are recommended due to the uneven terrain and elevation. Discounted entry may be available for students and seniors, so carrying valid identification is beneficial.
Interessante Fakten
- •The castle walls incorporate reused materials from ancient Roman monuments, including marble blocks and column capitals.
- •Ankara Castle has two main gates, one of which bears an inscription from the Ilkhanid period.
- •The fortress hosts various cultural festivals annually, attracting locals and tourists alike.
- •The name 'Ankara' is believed to derive from the Phrygian word 'Ankyra,' meaning 'anchor,' referencing a legend about King Midas.
- •The castle's inner walls feature 42 pentagonal towers spaced approximately 15-20 meters apart.
Geschichte
The earliest fortifications at Ankara Castle were built by the Phrygians in the 8th century BC.
In 278 BC, the Galatians rebuilt the castle, establishing it as a significant defensive structure.
The Romans undertook repairs and expansions, notably under Emperor Caracalla in 217 AD and later emperors who fortified the walls after Persian invasions in the 7th century.
The Byzantine Empire enhanced the outer walls in the 7th and 8th centuries, with emperors Justinian II and Leo III contributing to its defenses.
The Seljuk dynasty captured the castle in the 11th century and made significant renovations in the 13th century.
During the Ottoman period, particularly in the 19th century, the castle underwent further restoration and expansion, solidifying its role as a historic symbol of Ankara.
OrtsfĂĽhrer
Inner Castle (Citadel)Byzantine to Ottoman periods
The inner castle is situated on the highest point of the hill, covering approximately 43,000 square meters. It features 14 to 16-meter-high walls with 42 pentagonal towers. It houses two main gates, the outer gate and the fortress gate, with historical inscriptions from the Ilkhanid and Seljuk periods. The structure is built mainly from Ankara stone and reused materials from earlier monuments.
Outer Walls and Towers7th-8th centuries AD
Enclosing the old city of Ankara, the outer walls stretch approximately 350 meters north-south and 180 meters east-west. They include around 20 towers spaced roughly 40 meters apart. These walls were constructed after the Persian destruction of Ankara, with Byzantine emperors like Justinian II and Leo III contributing to their fortification.
Akkale (White Castle)Unknown
Located at the southeastern corner of the inner castle, Akkale is the highest point of the fortress. It is a four-story structure built from Ankara stone and recycled materials, serving as a stronghold within the castle complex.
Sultan Alaeddin MosqueSeljuk period (13th century)
Situated within the castle precincts, this mosque reflects the Seljuk architectural style and serves as a cultural and religious landmark within the fortress.