Biržai Castle
Panevėžio apskritis
Biržai Castle, located in northern Lithuania near the town of Biržai, is a notable example of a water castle built in the late 16th century. Commissioned by the influential Radvila family between 1586 and 1589, it served as a strategic defensive fortress on the border of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Livonia. The castle is uniquely surrounded by the Širvėna Lake, the oldest artificial lake in Lithuania, created by damming local rivers for defensive purposes. Architecturally, the castle features Renaissance design elements and was constructed primarily from brick and stone, reflecting the military engineering advances of its time. Over centuries, Biržai Castle has witnessed significant historical events, including serving as a residence for the Protestant Radvila family and playing a role in regional trade and military defense. Today, it houses the Biržai Museum "Sėla," established in 1928, which showcases art, history, and natural exhibits related to the region. The castle and its surrounding park are a cultural landmark, offering visitors a glimpse into Lithuania's noble past and its architectural heritage.
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Tip: The best time to visit Biržai Castle is during the warmer months from April to September when the museum is open longer hours. It is advisable to check the official museum website for seasonal opening times and special events. Tickets can be purchased on-site, with discounts available for students, seniors, and families. Arriving early in the day allows ample time to explore both the castle and the museum exhibits. Visitors should also explore the surrounding Širvėna Lake area and nearby historic sites in Biržai town for a fuller experience.
Interesting facts
- •Širvėna Lake surrounding Biržai Castle is the oldest artificial lake in Lithuania, created in 1587 by damming two rivers for defensive purposes.
- •The castle was built as a water fortress, a rare type of fortification in Lithuania, combining natural and man-made defenses.
- •Biržai Castle served as the residence of the Protestant Radvila family, influential nobles in Lithuanian history.
- •The castle houses the Biržai Museum "Sėla," established in 1928, featuring art, history, and nature exhibits related to the region.
History
Biržai Castle was constructed between 1586 and 1589 under the initiative of the Radvila family, a powerful noble lineage in Lithuania.
It was built as a water fortress on the border between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Livonia, utilizing the damming of local rivers to create the Širvėna Lake as a natural defense.
The castle became the center of the Biržai principality and a residence for the Protestant Radvila-Dubingiai family until 1731.
Throughout its history, the castle played a crucial role in regional military defense and trade control.
Over time, it suffered damage during various conflicts but was restored and repurposed as a museum in the 20th century, preserving its historical and cultural significance.
Place Guide
Main Castle Complex1586-1589
The core of Biržai Castle includes the main defensive walls, bastions, and the central courtyard, showcasing Renaissance military architecture.
Biržai Museum "Sėla"1928
Located within the castle, the museum displays a collection of art, historical artifacts, and natural exhibits that narrate the region's past and culture.
Širvėna Lake1587
An artificial lake formed by damming the Agluona and Apaščia rivers, serving historically as a defensive moat for the castle and now a scenic area for visitors.
Contact
Phone: (0-45) 033390
